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court Cases/Literature
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Slavery
100

The Negro peoples should not place their problems for solution   down at the feet of their white sympathetic allies which has been and is the common fashion of the old school Negro leadership, for, in the final analysis, the salvation of the Negro, like the works, must come from within 


A. Phillip Randolph
100
U.S. Congresswoman and Politician In 1967, she became the first Black woman elected to the U.S. Congress--rep- resenting New York’s 12th District.
Shirley Chisholm
100
82. By 1783, this black soldier, having served more than six years in the Revolutionary War, was awarded the "Badge of Merit" from General George Washington. The soldier participated in the Battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Monmouth, and Yorktown. Name this soldier.
Oliver Cromwell
100
By using the cotton gin, invented in 1793, a man could deseed and clean cotton more efficiently. Using a horse to turn this machine, it could clean about 50 times as much cotton as before. It quickly made cotton the leading crop in the South and the chief export crop for the region. For example, in 1803 alone, over 20,000 enslaved blacks were brought into Georgia and South Carolina to work in the cotton fields. Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
100
173. In March 1852, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, a book that described the horrible conditions of slavery, is published. The book, published in the National Era, an anti-slavery newspaper, helped gain support for the abolitionists. The book became an all-time sensation in book-publishing history. From March 20, the date of publication to the following May, the novel had sold well over a million copies. By 1878, the British Museum had shelved copies of the book in 20 different languages. The author moved to Hartford, Connecticut in 1864 where she lived until her death. Today, her home is a museum and has a significant research library. Who wrote this famous anti-slavery novel
Harriet Beecher Stowe
200

 Native Son, a "black protest" novel became an immediate bestseller in 1940. In 1945, he published his semi-autobiography, Black Boy, and in 1953, The Outsiders. Name him. 


Richard Wright

200
In 1868, this African American was elected Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana, the highest elective office held by an African American up to this time. Who was he?
Oscar Dunn
200

The first all-black volunteer regiment of the Civil War in the North was organized in 1863. Frederick Douglass and other notable blacks volunteered their time in recruiting blacks to serve in this regiment of the Union Army.  Name this regiment that is honored with this memorial. 

54th Massachusetts Colored Infantry Regiment

200
Medical Pioneer In 1891, he established Provident Hospital in Chicago. The next year, this gifted surgeon performed the first successful open-heart operation.
Daniel Hale Williams
200
85. Congress passed the Ordinance of 1787 that barred slavery in the Northwest Territory. “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude” was permitted in the region northwest of the Ohio River except as punishment for a crime. Name 2 of the states that were eventually formed out of this territory.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Wisconsin
300
The U.S. Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional to exclude blacks from jury duty.
Strauder v. West Virginia (1880)
300
January 1, 1808 is an important date in the African American experience. What legal action took place?
Congress prohibited the importation of enslaved Africans into the US.
300
This group of black soldiers served in the U.S. Army Air Force. During their period of active service, they amassed one of the most impressive records of any airmen--150 Distinguished Flying Crosses, one Legion of Merit, one Silver Star, fourteen Bronze Stars, and 744 Air Medals. They flew over 15,500 sorties and 1,578 completed missions and destroyed 409 enemy aircraft. During the 200 missions in which they escorted heavy bombers deep into Germany’s Rhineland, not one of the “heavies” was lost to enemy fighter opposition. Name the group.
Tuskegee Airmen
300
First African American to graduate from medical school
David John Peck
300
171. On September 18, 1850, President Millard Fillmore signed a law that many called “the slaveholder's dream"--a law that required citizens and federal officers to become diligent slave catchers. The law provided the prompt return of enslaved blacks to slave owners and denied fugitive enslaved blacks a trial by jury or the right to testify on their own behalf. People suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without warrant and turned over to a claimant on nothing more than his sworn testimony of ownership. Officers capturing a fugitive slave were entitled to a fee and this encouraged some officers to kidnap free blacks and sell them to slave owners. Also, anyone who knowingly blocked a fugitive’s arrest could be fined as much as $1,000 for each offense. Name the law
Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
400
The U.S. Supreme Court declared that blacks were not citizens of the United States, thus upholding the Fugitive Slave Law and further denying Congress the power to prohibit slavery in any federal territory.
Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
400
. In 1793, Congress passed an act making it a crime to harbor an escaped enslaved African or to interfere with his capture or arrest. it was signed into law by President George Washington. Name this act.
Fugitive Slave Act
400
Although the Secretary of War had stated "No Negro, mulatto or Indian is to be enlisted," when war started again in 1812, blacks did serve in one military branch without restrictions. Name this military branch.
What is U.S Navy?
400
On March 3, 1821, Thomas Jennings became the first known black person to receive a patent for an invention in this country. Jennings used money from his business to purchase the freedom of his family members. In 1831, Jennings was assistant secretary of the First Annual Convention of the People of Color in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, What was his invention?
What is dry cleaning process?
400

14. In 1526, enslaved Africans rebelled in a Spanish territory that later became an English colony and then a state of the United States. Name it

Hispaniola
500
The U.S. Supreme Court overturned a Louisiana Law of 1869 that prohibited racial segregation on public carriers. the plaintiff, a black woman, was held to have no right to get cabin space on a Mississippi steamboat
Hall v. De Cur (1878)
500
On September 18, 1850, President Millard Fillmore signed a law that many called “the slaveholder's dream"--a law that required citizens and federal officers to become diligent slave catchers. The law provided the prompt return of enslaved blacks to slave owners and denied fugitive enslaved blacks a trial by jury or the right to testify on their own behalf. People suspected of being a runaway slave could be arrested without warrant and turned over to a claimant on nothing more than his sworn testimony of ownership. Officers capturing a fugitive slave were entitled to a fee and this encouraged some officers to kidnap free blacks and sell them to slave owners. Also, anyone who knowingly blocked a fugitive’s arrest could be fined as much as $1,000 for each offense. Name the law.
Fugitive Slave Law of 1850
500

230. This historically black college was established in 1868 in Virginia by Samuel Chapman Armstrong, a 27-year old brevet brigadier general who had commanded black troops in the Civil War. Armstrong, the head of the eastern district of the Freedmen’s Bureau, purchased the site and started the school in an old federal hospital with two teaching assistants and fifteen students. Name the school.  

Hampton Institute
500
"I wanted to know the name of every stone and flower and insect and bird and beast. I wanted to know where it got its color, where it got its life--but there was no one to tell me" Name this Chemist and Agricultural Scientist
George Washington Carver
500

91. This artist is one of the earliest professional black painters. He was active in Baltimore during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He painted portraits of many established families. One of his most famous is an oil canvas of the “Portrait of Adelia Ellender” (c. 1830-1832) that hangs today at the National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution

Joshua Johnson