Models of Disability & Ableism
This model views disability as a problem within the individual that needs to be fixed.
What is the medical model?
This describes a reduction in strength and coordination in the right upper extremity following a stroke
What is an impairment?
At this age, infants typically begin to roll and engage in trunk activation activities that lay the foundation for future mobility skills.
What is 4 to 6 months?
This level of prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs.
What is primary prevention?
This scale measures individuals' confidence in making a behavior change.
What is a self-efficacy scale?
This model focuses on societal and environmental barriers rather than the impairment itself.
What is the social model?
This term describes the difficulty a person has preparing a meal independently due to upper extremity weakness
What is an activity limitation?
This condition in older adults is marked by age-related deficits across multiple systems and includes features such as weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slowness, and weakness.
What is frailty syndrome?
Getting a mammogram is an example of this level of prevention.
What is secondary prevention?
This APTA public health priority promotes movement as a key to preventing and managing chronic disease and improving quality of life across the lifespan.
What is physical activity?
This term refers to discrimination or prejudice against people with disabilities that can seem positive or well-intentioned, but reinforces stereotypes and limits autonomy
What is benevolent ableism?
Being limited in the ability to be a community volunteer due to persistent fatigue and reduced mobility is an example of this ICF component.
What is a participation restriction?
In young adults, these are among the most common musculoskeletal conditions that can limit physical activity and daily functioning.
What are strains/sprains, and arthritis?
This tool helps individuals weigh the perceived pros and cons of changing a health behavior, supporting reflection and motivation for action.
What is the Decisional Balance Scale?
This generation (currently ages 29–44) values technology, family, optimism, collaboration, and expects praise and feedback.
What is the Millennial generation?
This integrated model considers both medical, social, and psychological aspects of disability.
What is the biopsychosocial model?
Limited public transportation and narrow building entrances are examples of this type of contextual factor that can create barriers to participation.
What are environmental factors?
These cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are among the most frequently treated in adults between the ages of 40 and 64.
What are hypertension and asthma?
This model outlines the stages individuals go through when changing health behavior.
What is the Transtheoretical Model of Change (Stages of Change)?
This is the final step in the 5 A’s model, where the clinician ensures continued support by scheduling a future check-in or referral.
What is Arrange?
These models of disability served as the foundation for the development of the ICF framework.
What are the medical, social, and biopsychosocial models?
Limited access to fresh food, lack of grocery stores in walking distance, and high prices for healthy options are examples related to this social determinant of health domain.
What is neighborhood and built environment?
These age-related changes in the integumentary system increase risk for injury and delayed healing in older adults.
What are a thinner dermis, slower wound healing, more frequent bruising or skin tears, and decreased sweat production (3 would be acceptable for points)
Although they’ve been told multiple times about the benefits of regular physical activity, this individual states, 'Exercise isn’t for me” or “I don’t think I need to change.
What is the pre-contemplation stage?
In this step of the 5 R’s, the clinician explores the personal significance of behavior change and asks the patient to identify their own reasons for considering change.
What is Relevance?