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DNA
Replication
Transcription
Translation
Mutations
100
What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
What is double helix or twisted ladder
100
Give a common term for replication
What is copying
100
What is made during transcription ?
What is mRNA
100
What is made during translation ?
What is protein / polypeptide
200
Name two of the four bases in DNA.
What is Adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine
200
What does polymerase do ?
What is separates the original strands and helps bind new bases to grow new DNA strand.
200
Where does transcription occur ?
What is nucleus
200
Where does translation occur ?
What is at ribosome in cytoplasm
200
Name two types of mutations
What is point, genetic, chromosomal, frameshift, inversion, reversal
300
What is the name that describes when A binds with T and G binds with C
What is complimentary base pairing
300
When is the cell cycle does replication occur ?
What is S phase or stage
300
What is the new, fifth base used in mRNA ?
What is uracil
300
What other form of RNA is used in translation and what does its first letter stand for ?
What is tRNA; transfer
300
Which type of mutation involves the most genetic material - genetic or chromosomal ?
What is chromosomal
400
A nucleotide is made of these three parts.
What is a sugar, a phosphate and a base
400
Name the chemical bond that holds the bases together
What is hydrogen
400
If the sequence of bases in DNA is gctatt, what are the bases needed for mRNA ?
What is cgauaa
400
Put three steps of translation in order.
What is mRNA leaves nucleus, arrives at ribosome, ribosome "reads / translates" mRNA, gets complimentary tRNA with attached and amino acid and links them together by making peptide bonds.
400
If the normal sequence of bases - gcaatc - underwent a point mutation, give a possible new sequence.
What is replace any letter with any other i.e. Ccaatc
500
Three experiments helped describe DNA as THE inherited, genetic material. Describe one of the experiments and the scientists that did them.
What is Griffith, Avery and Hershey and Chase. Griffith used S and R bacteria on mice. He called DNA "transforming material". Avery performed a chemical analysis on Griffith's "transforming material" and found that it was a nucleic acid. Hershey and Chase used radioactive sulfur in viruses.
500
What is a replication bubble and what happens there ?
What is a replication bubble is where an enzyme attaches, breaks hydrogen bonds that hold bases together and separates the two parent strands.
500
Two parts - 1. Where does the mRNA go after its made ? 2. Why doesn't DNA leave the cell and communicate its message directly to cell parts ?
What is 1. ribosome in cytoplasm 2. too big to leave nucleus
500
Given a genetic code chart, what amino acids are made from the following list of bases - cccgcauga
What is pro, ala, stop