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Antacids
H2Receptor Antagonists
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Miscellaneous Acid-Controlling Drugs
GI Drugs
100
They are compounds commonly used to neutralize stomach acid.
What is antacids: milk of magnesia-magnesium containing Maalox, Mylanta-aluminum containing Tums-calcium containing Alka-seltzer-sodium containing
100
Commonly used for treatment of acid-related disorders such as peptic ulcers
What is H2RA-cimetidine, famotidine, ranted, nizatidine
100
The newest drugs introduced for treatment of acid-related disorders
What is proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): lansoprazole (Prevacid), omeprazole (Prilosec), rabeprazole (AcipHex), pantrapozole (Protonix), esomeprazole (Nexium).
100
There are a fe other-acid controlling drugs that are unique in terms of their mechanism and features. Theses include...
What is sucralfate (Carafate), misoprostol (Cytotec), simethicone (Mylicon).
100
Based on the specific mechanism of action, they are divided into different groups: absorbents, anti motility and probiotics
What is antidiarrheal drugs
200
They do this by stimulating the secretion of mucus, prostaglandins, and bicarbonate from the cells inside the gastric glands
What is mechanism of action
200
This makes parietal cells less responsive
What is H2 RA competitively block the H2 receptors of acid-producing parietal cells. Parietal cells are less responsive to histamine and to the stimulation of ACh and gastrin.
200
PPIs bind to proton pump. This inhibition prevent....
What is the movement of hydrogen ions out of the parietal cells into the stomach and thereby blocks all gastric acid secretion
200
When giving sucralfate and simethicone what is an important nursing assessment to perform
What is patient's bowel patterns and bowel sounds. Assess for abdominal distention and rigidity which may indicate a medical emergency
200
These drugs work to slow peristalsis by reducing the rhythmic contractions and smooth muscle tone of the GI tract; also have a drying effect and reduce gastric secretions
What is antimotility (anticholinergic)-atropine, hyoscyamine
300
Excessive use of any antacid can theoretically result in...
What is systemic alkalosis. This is more common with sodium bicarbonate. Calcium-containing drugs may cause rebound hyperacidity.
300
Climetidine, rinatadine and famotidine are also know as
What is-Tagamet, Zantac and Pepcid
300
PPIs are currently indicated as first-line therapy for...
What is erosive esophagitis, symptoms of GERD that is poorly responsive to other medical treatments such as therapy with H2 RAs, for short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcers and active being gastric ulcers, gastric hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome), NSAID induced ulcers, and for stress ulcer prophylaxis.
300
The only opiate antidiarrheal drug that is available as an OTC
What is loperamide (Immodium A-D).
400
Antacids are capable of causing several interactions when administered with other drugs. There are four basic mechanisms by which antacids cause interactions
What is: 1. ABSORPTION- of other drugs to antacids, which reduces the ability of other drugs to be absorbed into the body. 2. CHELATION- which is the chemical inactivation of other drugs that produces insoluble complex. 3. INCREASED STOMACH PH-which increases the absorption of basic drugs and decreases the absorption of acidic drugs. 4. INCREASED URINARY PH- which increases the excretion of acidic drugs and decreases the excretion of basic drugs
400
This drug carries a higher risk of drug interactions than the other three drugs, especially in elderly patients
What is cimetidine (Tagamet). By inhibiting the metabolism of drugs in the liver via the hepatic cytochrome P-450 microsomal oxidase system, cimetidine may raise the blood concentration of certain drugs.
400
The food and Drug Administration issued a warning in 2010 regarding long-term use of high dose PPIs, which has been associated with...
What is Clostridium difficile infections and high risk of wrist, hip and spine fractures, and pneumonia. In 2011. depletion of magnesium was added to the warning.
400
This drug is classified as pregnancy category X
What is misoprostol (Cytotec). It has been used for its abortifacient properties.
400
This drug is associated with serious cardio-cerebrovascular adverse effects and can only be given under supervision no more than 4-6 weeks
What is IBS drug tegaserod (Zelnorm)
500
Significant patient harm may ensure when antacids are taken with...
What is quinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin), give antacids 2 hr before or 2 hr after the dose of this drugs were administered.
500
An important nursing assessment to perform when administering theses drugs...
What is renal and liver function tests, and level of consciousness because of possible drug-related adverse effects. Elderly are known to react to these drugs with more disorientation and confusion
500
Absorption of PPIs may be decreased if taken with...
What is food. PPIs should be taken on an empty stomach
500
This drug works by altering the elasticity of mucus-coated gas bubbles, which causes them to break into smaller ones
What is simethicone (Mylicon).
500
This drug is recommended for a variety of altered bowel elimination patterns and is available in foods and dietary supplements.
What is probiotics