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Medical Terminology
Reading Rainbow
For the Love of Drugs
100
This term is given to brief periods of abnormal electrical activity in the nerve centers of the brain
What are seizures
100
This disease is diagnosed when seizures are chronic and recurrent
What is Epilepsy?
100
This word that starts with an "i" means that we don't know the cause of a disease
What is idiopathic
100
During this phase of a grand mal seizure, patients develop intense muscular contractions causing them to fall to the ground, lose consciousess, and lie rigid.
What is the tonic phase?
100
This is the type of drug given to treat epilepsy
What is an anticonvulsant
200
True or False: Seizures can be convulsive or nonconvulsive
What is true!
200
This is the most common type of seizure.
What is a grand mal (tonic-clonic) seizure
200
This is another name for a tonic-clonic seizure.
What is a grand mal seizure?
200
These are the causes of epilepsy.
What are stroke, head injury, idiopathic, brain tumor, or meningitis
200
This is the generalized mechanism of action for all anticonvulsants.
What are they increase the seizure threshold by inhibiting excitatory processes or increasing inhibitory processes.
300
This type of seizure affect both hemipheres of the brain, can be convulsive or non convulsive, and cause a loss of consciousness.
What is a generalized seizure
300
During this phase of the grand mal seizure patients may loose continence, bilateral symmetrical jerks alternating with relaxation of extremities may occur along with intense trembling. Patients may bite their tongue. This phase usually lasts up to 60 seconds.
What is the clonic phase.
300
This type of seizure causes a sudden loss of muscle tone may also be known as a "drop attack".
What is an atonic seizure? It may be a head drop, slumping forward or dropping a limb. Patient usually remains conscious. These patients may suffer injuries from uncontrolled falls, may wear protective head gear to prevent these injuries.
300
This type of seizure causes lightning like repetitive contractions of the voluntary muscles of the face, trunk, and extremities. The patient usually doesn't fall or lose consciousness, this often occurs during start of sleep.
What are myoclonic seizures
300
This is a risk that patients on anticonvulsants are twice as likely to experience as patients not taking anticonvulsants.
What are suicidal tendencies
400
This type of seizure begins in a localized area in ONE hemisphere of the brain. It can be simple or complex. This type of seizure CAN evolve into a generalized seizure
What is a partial seizure
400
This is another name given to an anticonvulsant.
What is an antiepileptic drug (AED)?
400
Most common generalized nonconvulsive seizure disorder that occur primarily in children before puberty that has paroxysmal episodes of altered consciousness lasting 5-20 seconds.
What is an absence (petit mal) seizure
400
This is the most widely prescribed hydantoin. It can be prescribed to control partial and generalized tonic-clonic seizures
What is phenytoin
500
During this phase of a grand mal seizure air is forced up the larynx extruding saliva as foam and producing an audible sound like a cry...respirations may stop, patient may become cyanotic. This phase lasts 20-60 seconds.
What is the tonic phase
500
These are the symptoms of _____________toxicity: nystagmus, sedation or lethargy.
What is phenytoin toxicity?
500
This term applies to the resting, flaccid recovery period following a seizure lasting 2-3 hours.
What is postictal state?
500
This is a medical EMERGENCY where rapidly recurring generalized seizures occur without allowing the patient to regain normal function between seizures. This can cause permanent nerve damage and DEATH.
What is status epilepticus