chapter 6
The primary enzyme responsible for alcohol metabolism.
What is alcohol dehydrogenase?
The receptor type primarily activated by nicotine.
What are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?
The class of compound caffeine belongs to.
What are alkaloids?
Cocaine's primary action on neurotransmitter systems.
What is blocking the reuptake of monoamines?
A common effect of low to moderate alcohol consumption.
What is euphoria and reduced anxiety?
This drug helps reduce nicotine cravings by inhibiting dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake.
What is bupropion?
Caffeine exerts stimulant effects by blocking this type of receptor.
What are adenosine receptors?
This stimulant is known to cause formication.
What is cocaine?
A condition associated with chronic alcohol use affecting memory and the brain.
What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?
A partial agonist at nicotinic receptors used to treat addiction.
What is varenicline?
The approximate half-life of caffeine in adults.
What is 2–4 hours?
Amphetamines increase neurotransmitter levels by doing this.
What is releasing monoamines from vesicles?
Tolerance involving increased alcohol dehydrogenase production.
What is metabolic tolerance?
One major cardiovascular effect of nicotine.
What is vasoconstriction?
One long-term benefit associated with moderate caffeine use.
What is a reduced risk of Parkinson’s disease?
Tolerance to stimulants may involve this change in receptors.
What is downregulation of monoamine receptors?
A common withdrawal symptom of alcohol.
What is seizure (or tremors, anxiety)?
This behavioral model explains how nicotine receptors desensitize and re-sensitize, leading to addiction.
What is the dual reinforcement model?
Two barriers caffeine crosses in the body.
What are the blood-brain barrier and placental barrier?
A non-amphetamine stimulant often prescribed for ADHD and narcolepsy.
What is methylphenidate (Ritalin)?