What does the body release naturally to reduce pain?
Endorphins
200
Examples of hallucinogens
LSD, marijuana, mushrooms
300
What is the most prevalent drug?
Alcohol
300
What do depressants do?
Slow down the neural process and decrease self-awareness; have a "calming" effect on the body
300
What do stimulants do?
Stop reuptake, enhance neural transmission, increased alertness and mood
300
What are examples of opiates?
Opium, heroin, morphine
300
What do they mimic?
Natural sensation neurotransmitters (rods and cones, taste buds, etc.)
400
What do these drugs do in the brain?
They change the neuronal communication process in some way
400
Which type of neurotransmitters do depressants use and what is an example?
Inhibitory; GABA
400
What happens later on in the process and why?
Your body crashes from lack of neurotransmitters
400
Effects of opiates
No pain, increased mood
400
What do they alter?
Perception
500
Define and explain the three long term effects of drug use.
1. Tolerance = body adapts to drugs such that more and more is needed to produce the same effect
2. Dependency = physical or psychological need to continue use to feel normal because drug sets a new homeostasis so that if the person isn't consuming it they feel "out of whack"
3. Withdrawal = body reacts to absence of drug (sweat, vomit, heart rate, etc.)
500
What are a few effects of alcohol? List at least five.
Slurred speech, lack of self-awareness, increases GABA transmissions, slow reactions, performance deteroriates, no memory
500
What are five effects of smoking?
Stimulates dopamine and glutamate, higher rates of depression, higher rates of divorce, diminish appetite, calm anxiety, cancer, heart disease
500
What do opiates do?
Disguise themselves as endorphins and use their receptor sites
500
What are the effects of hallucinogens often dependent on, and what are some examples of these effects?
They depend on your expectations and range from pleasant to fear and panic