Laws & Policies
Under the _____________________________________ people who are deaf or hard of hearing are entitled to the same services law enforcement provides to anyone else. They may not be excluded or segregated from services, denied services, or otherwise treated differently than others.
What is ADA, and what does it stand for?
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
__________ are trained to care for patients ranging from newborn babies to elderly people. They are responsible for managing and rehabilitation of disorders related to hearing as well as balance.
What is an Audiologist, and what do they do?
In 1976, _________________predicted that proficiency in a first language would correlate to competence in a second language because a single cognitive process underlies language acquisition for both languages.
Bilingual–bicultural education is based on Cummins' Model of Linguistic Interdependence.
James Cummins
Who coined the term Total Communication and when?
Roy Holcomb in 1967
10 db and 60 db
How many decibels are the sounds of breathing?
How many decibels are in normal conversation?
_________________________________ is a law that makes available a free appropriate public education to eligible children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures special education and related services to those children.
What is IDEA, and what does it stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
A __________ can perceive soft, medium, and loud sounds. Patients can even hear slim sounds of footsteps, slamming of doors, rustling of leaves, and even the sound of a switch turning off and on can be heard.
What is a Cochlear Implant?
What is BEA and when was it established?
Bilingual Education Act (BEA), U.S. legislation (January 2, 1968) that provided federal grants to school districts for the purpose of establishing educational programs for children with limited English-speaking ability.
What does CART stand for and what does it do?
Communication Access Real-time Translation (CART) is a service in which a trained CART captioner listens to the speech and instantaneously translates all speech to text. The CART captioner uses a special phonetic keyboard or stenography method to produce an accurate translation that is then broadcast to the recipients on a screen, laptop, or another device. CART is also sometimes called open captioning, real-time stenography, or real-time captioning.
_________________ may involve one or several modes of communication (manual, oral, auditory, and written), depending on the particular needs of the child.
Total Communication TC
_________________________________ is a national law that protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination in programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance or are conducted by federal agencies.
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
What are the symptoms of hearing loss? (list 3 or more).
Fluid in the middle ear, ear infections, muffled speech sounds, vertigo, frequent repetition or clarifying.
What is the predominant approach currently used in deaf education?
Total communication, which combines speech reading, manual communication, and oral expression, has emerged as a compromise and is the predominant approach currently used in deaf education.
What is Mild hearing loss?
You can't hear certain sounds, such as tones that are too high or too low.
The Bilingual Education Act (BEA), also known as the ____________________________________________, was the first United States federal legislation that recognized the needs of limited English speaking ability (LESA) students.
Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1967
The ___________________________________ is a written document that’s developed for each public school child who is eligible for special education. The IEP is created through a team effort and reviewed at least once a year.
What is an IEP?
IEP Individualized Education Program,
What is the alternative name for ABR?
Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP).
What is the term for placing a deaf child into a regular classroom instead of residential schools for the Deaf or other Deaf-focused programs?
Mainstreaming.
Mainstreaming refers to the education placement of a student alongside his or her hearing peers.
What are some of the support services offered for students in the educational systems?
Interpreters, Notetaker, CART/real-time captioning services, Mentors/Tutors, English Editor, ESOL Department, FM Systems, assistive listening devices, videotext displays, Special Requests.
• Extended time (need more time)
• telecommunication devices for deaf persons
• Adjustable grades ( extra credit )
The speaker uses a microphone, while the listener wears a receiver. The receiver can be a simple pair of headphones, ear-level receivers that deliver the sound into the ears, or a hearing device.
What are FM systems?
Your child must be eligible for special education. By federal law, a multidisciplinary team must determine that (1) she’s a child with a disability and (2) she requires special education and related services to benefit from the general education program.
What are the requirements for an IEP?
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
What are the three types of hearing loss? Briefly describe each of them.
Conductive hearing loss - when sounds cannot get through the outer and middle ear. Hard to hear soft sounds. Louder sounds may be muffled.
Sensorineural hearing loss, or SNHL, happens after inner ear damage. Problems with the nerve pathways from your inner ear to your brain can also cause SNHL. Soft sounds may be hard to hear. Even louder sounds may be unclear or may sound muffled.
Mixed hearing loss -Mix of SNHL and CHL - there maybe damage to the outer, middle, and inner ear or the nerve pathway to the brain.
All these relate to what experience?
No communication barrier; everyone can communicate - Easier to relate – same boat! - More individualized approach to deafness - Deaf adult role models - Feeling like a deaf family, friends/brothers/sisters in dorms.
Residential school for the Deaf.
What are some of the cons of Deaf residential schools?
• Limited exposure to the hearing world • The disability “Deaf may lose out on opportunities for a more vigorous and challenging education because of they are attending a “disabled” school where the curriculum may cater to the disability. Subjects like English and Math may not take precedence over teaching life skills and how to get a long in a hearing world.” • It may stall their personal growth • Communication could be stunted
What is the difference between PSE, SEE, and ASL?