DSJ Chapter 2 Part II Review

P

100

How often does the sleep cycle repeat itself?

90 minutes

200

What is the a street name for the drug MDMA, which is both a stimulant and a mild hallucinogen.

Ecstasy

300

What is a social interaction in which one person suggests to another person that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur?

Hypnosis

400

REM sleep is also known as what, because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active?

Paradoxical Sleep

500

Name and explain the 3 Biopsychosocial approach to hypnosis:

• Biological influence: Distinctive brain activity and unconscious information processing
• Psychological influences: Focused attention, expectations, heightened suggestibility, dissociation between normal sensations and conscious awareness.
• Social-cultural influences: Presence of an authoritative person in legitimate context, role playing “good subject”

S

100

What is a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind?

Dream

200

Chemist Albert Hofmann accidentally ingested what drug and experienced an acid trip of euphoria?

LSD

300

Which dream theory states the reason we dream is the dream content reflects dreamer’s level of knowledge and understanding?

Cognitive Development

400

Our bodies roughly synchronize with the 24-hour cycle of the day and night thanks to an internal biological clock called what?

Circadian Rhythm

500

Name the four categories for recognizing substance use disorder.

Diminished Control

Diminished Social Functioning

Hazardous Use

Drug Action

Y

100

During which sleep stage do vivid dreams commonly occur?

REM

200

Marijuana leaves contain what drug, which when ingested creates mild hallucinations?

THC

300

What are the bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain-wave activity that take place during NREM-2?

Sleep Spindles

400

People who have sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness suffer from what?

Narcolepsy

500

Name and explain the 7 effects of sleep deprivation on the body:

• Brain – Decreased ability to focus attention and process and store memories; increased risk of depression.
• Immune System – Decreased production of immune cells; increased risk of viral infections
• Fat Cells – Increased production; greater risk of obesity
• Joints – Increased inflammation and arthritis
• Heart – Increased risk of high blood pressure
• Stomach – increase in the hunger-arousing hormone, ghrelin; decreased in the hunger-suppression hormone, leptin
• Muscles – Reduced strength; slower reaction time and motor learning

C

100

What sleep disorder is marked by persistent problems in either falling asleep or staying asleep called?

Insomnia

200

According to the American Psychiatric Association, a person may be diagnosed with a what when drug use continues despite significant life disruptions?

Substance use disorder

300

What are bizarre experiences, such as jerking or a feeling of falling that happens during NREM-1 called?

• Hypnagogic Sensations

400

What sleep disorder targets mostly children, and usually occur during the first few hours of NREM-3.

Night Terrors

500

Name 4 effects alcohol can have on our state of consciousness.

Slowed Neural Processing

Memory Disruption

Reduced Self-Awareness

Expectancy Effect

H

100

What sleep disorder is when people intermittently stop breathing during sleep?

Sleep Apnea

200

After several nights of 5-hour or less sleep, we accumulate a what, that cannot be satisfied by one long sleep?

Sleep Debt

300

What type of drug that depresses neural functions includes heroin and medically prescribed pain-relief narcotics, such as codeine, morphine and methadone ?

Opiates

400

Which dream theory states, dreams preserve sleep and provide a “psychic safety valve,” expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings?

Freud's Wish-Fulfillment

500

What are the three major categories of psychoactive drugs?

Depressants

Stimulants

Hallucinogens