Carbohydrates
The main function of carbohydrates is to
provide energy
Lipids that consist of two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone are called
phospholipids
Proteins are made up of chains of
amino acids
_______ refers to the pattern of consuming five or more alcoholic drinks by men or four or more drinks by women in about 2 hours that raises BAC to 0.08 g/dl or more.
Binge drinking
Limited or uncertain access to foods of sufficient quality or quantity to live an active, healthy ife is defined as
food insecurity
Insulin brings blood gluccose levels _____ and glucagon brings them ______
down, up
Name the three main types of lipids
triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols
Chemical digestion of protein begins in the
stomach
Most of the alcohol that has been consumed is absorbed in the
small intestine
A single mother with two children who are under age five who lives below the poverty level would benefit from applying to the __________ program
Women, infants, and children
Starch is the storage form of glucose in ______, glycogen is the storage form in _____
plants, animals
The ideal dietary pattern to reduce your risk of heart disease is one that ________ LDL
cholesterol and ________ HDL cholesterol simultaneously.
lowers, raises
How many grams of protein should adults consume for each kilogram of body weight?
0.80g
The majority of alcohol is metabolized by the
liver
Stunting is lower than expected ______ for age
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the ______ with the enzyme _________
mouth, amylase
Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated essential ________ fatty acid; and alpha-linolenic
acid polyunsaturated essential ________ fatty acid.
omega-6, omega-3
How is nitrogen in the amine group processed?
It is converted to urea and excreted in urine.
The enzyme which is found in the stomach and the liver, that converts ethanol to acetaldehyde is called
alcohol dehydrogenase
Which government nutrition programs are designed for undernourished older adults?
Congregate meals and Meals on Wheels programs.
Which sugar substitute has the same amount of kcals as sucrose but is absorbed more slowly
sugar alcohols
Although short- and medium-chain fatty acids are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, longer-chain fatty acids and other remnants of fat digestion are packaged into chylomicrons, which transport them through the ________ system until they enter the bloodstream.
lymphatic
What are the consequences of excessive protein intake
Too much protein, especially animal protein, is linked to chronic diseases such as heart disease, kidney stones and osteoporosis.
What are the stages of alcoholic liver disease?
Fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis
What three nutrients are likely to be underconsumed in developing countries
iron, iodine, and vitamin A