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Carbs & Lipids
Nucleic Acids & Proteins
Enzymes
MCAS questions I
MCAS questions II
100
What are the monomers of a carbohydrate?
monosaccharides
100
The monomers of proteins are called this
amino acids
100
the reactants that enzymes act on are called this.
substrates
100
Which group of organic compounds contains fatty acids? A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. nucleic acids D. proteins
B. lipids
200
lipids are made of glycerol & this.
fatty acids.
200
A nucleotide is made of three parts, a ________, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
a sugar
200
The location on an enzyme where a reactant binds is called the ________ site.
active
200
Peptidoglycan is a compound in the cell walls of many bacteria. Which of the following elements are most abundant in peptidoglycan? A. aluminum and sodium B. carbon and hydrogen C. chlorine and iron D. iodine and potassium
B. carbon and hydrogen
200
What do disaccharides, such as sucrose, and polysaccharides, such as starch, have in common? A.They are lipids made of fatty acids. B.They are proteins made of amino acids. C.They are nucleic acids made of nucleotides. D.They are carbohydrates made of simple sugars
D.They are carbohydrates made of simple sugars
300
Carbohydrates are usually found in a ratio of 1 Carbon atom for every ______ hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom
2
300
give two examples of a nucleic acid
DNA, RNA, ATP
300
Identify 2 factors that can denature an enzyme
pH and Temp
300
Sucrase speeds up the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Sucrase is an example of which of the following types of molecules? A. disaccharide B. enzyme C. hormone D. nucleic acid
B enzyme
300
Which of the following roles does an enzyme play when the body processes sucrose (table sugar) into glucose and fructose? A.An enzyme decreases the body’s need for sucrose. B.An enzyme increases the amount of sucrose available. C.An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down. D.An enzyme decreases the amount of fructose and glucose product available
C.An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down.
400
Fats that make up the bilayer of cell membranes are called this.
phospholipids
400
The bond that connects amino acids is called a _________ bond.
peptide
400
The energy needed to start a reaction is called _____________ energy.
activation
400
Cellulose is a compound found in plants. It is made of a long chain of molecules with ringed structures. The molecules contain mostly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a ratio of approximately 1 carbon : 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen. To which category of biological molecules does cellulose belong? A.carbohydrates B.nucleic acids C.phospholipids D.proteins
A.carbohydrates
400
Which type of molecule in the yolk of a chicken egg provides the most energy for a developing chick? A.lipid B.nucleic acid C.protein D.water
A.lipid
500
Both carbs and lipids are important for energy. Explain the difference in their function (relating to energy).
carbs-quick energy lipids-long term energy
500
What determines the function of a protein?
the shape.
500
Describe how enzyme activity changes as the amount of available substrate decreases.
it slows down
500
Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Which type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae? A. carbohydrate B. fatty acid C. nucleic acid D. protein
C. nucleic acid
500
Scientists compare a specific type of enzyme from two species. One species is a bacterium that lives in hot springs. The other species is a shrimp that lives in cold ocean water. The scientists observe the activity of the enzyme from each species over a range of temperatures from 0°C to 100°C. Which of the following statements describes what the scientists most likely observe? A. The bacterial enzyme works faster than the shrimp enzyme at all temperatures. B. The bacterial enzyme has a different optimal temperature than the shrimp enzyme. C. The bacterial enzyme denatures faster than the shrimp enzyme at room temperature. D. The bacterial enzyme catalyzes more reactions than the shrimp enzyme at any temperature.
What is B. The bacterial enzyme has a different optimal temperature than the shrimp enzyme.