Earth Systems
These are the four main components of Earth's systems?
What are the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere?
This is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, including the crust and upper mantle?
What is the lithosphere?
These are waves of energy that travel through Earth’s layers during an earthquake?
What are seismic waves?
This is where underwater mountain ranges formed by plate tectonics?
What are mid-ocean ridges?
They cause damage to infrastructure and loss of life?
How can earthquakes impact human life?
This component of Earth's system includes all water bodies.
What is the hydrosphere?
These are the three types of plate boundaries.
What are convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries?
This is the point on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake originates.
What is an earthquake epicenter?
This is a trench or a mountain range?
What is a type of feature formed at convergent boundaries?
This is is one benefit of volcanic activity.
What is the creation of fertile soil for agriculture?
This is how these systems interact.
What is through processes like weathering, erosion, and nutrient cycling?
This is what happens at a convergent boundary.
What is tectonic plates collide, leading to mountain formation, earthquakes, or subduction?
An island arc or volcanic islands.
What are geological features that are created by oceanic-oceanic convergence?
This is how plate tectonics can affect climate.
What is through the alteration of landforms and ocean currents over time?
This is the global sum of all ecosystems, where life exists?
What is the biosphere?
This is the formation of new oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges as magma rises?
What is the process of seafloor spreading?
This is what causes forms the rift valleys.
What is when tectonic plates pull apart, causing the land to sink?
These are strategies implemented to reduce the risk of earthquake damage.
What is seismic hazard mitigation?
This is how energy from the sun affects Earth's systems.
What is it drives weather patterns, ocean currents, and photosynthesis?
This is a major geological feature formed by divergent boundaries.
What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
This is how seismic waves provide information about Earth's interior.
What is by analyzing their speed and path to infer the material composition and state?
These provide ecosystems with nutrients and support unique life forms in the deep ocean?
What is the significance of hydrothermal vents?