Category 1
True or False
AAC for acquired impairments should support language growth.
False.
AAC for an adult with an acquired disorder should maximize existing language abilities
True or False
"Just-in-time" programming supports motor learning and keeps device organized.
False.
Since changes can be made to AAC systems right away (usually during a conversation when the need for a change is discovered), this will change the display as needed.
With just-in-time programming, you can add a photo and hot- spots to create a visual scene display (VSD)
A goal that targets guiding the creating of scripts and narratives, independent use of AAC to participate in common day-to-day situations, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) middle phase
b) late phase
c) contextual choice communicator
d) stored-message communicator
d) Stored-message AAC Communicators
Description: Initiates communication without support. Independently locates messages that have been stored in advance by others, May occasionally produce meaningful spoken words or phrases, May occasionally communicate portions of ideas by writing or using symbolic gestures, Aware of communication breakdowns but unable to repair successfully, May require support to effectively complete a communication message, Attempts to utilize alternate modalities to augment unintelligible speech are not always effective, Attempts to clarify or elaborate stored messages are usually unsuccessful, Cannot independently spell or combine words to generate novel messages
Goals: Independently use AAC to participate in common day-to-day situations, Guide the creation of scripts and narratives
Early impairments - difficulty with word finding, discourse cohesion, distractibility, difficulty with reading/writing
Middle-stage impairments - reduced use of speech, worsening pragmatics, confusion/disorientation
Late-stage impairments - no language, minimal recognition/memory
AAC support for dementia has different functional goals, because dementia is degenerative and impacts cognition. With dementia, AAC can be used more to support of client’s memory, e.g. recall of information for daily living (names, safety, orientation, recent and past events)
Choose all that apply.
As I've gone through this program:
a) I've done my best.
b) I've determined my co-hort is invaluable.
c) It has sucked at times.
d) Cues finally make sense to me.
e) 2 years down, 1 more to go.
You've got this! Much love :)
AAC for an adults with an acquired disorder (depending on disorder) can be more focused on:
a) morphology
b) whole phrase icons for language
c) Syntax
d) all of the above
b) whole phrase icons for language
ALS
During the Late Phase, what are two tools/strategies you focus on?
No longer intelligible
Re-evaluate, adapt, and accommodate
Communication and End of Life
More Partner Facilitation
Establish stable yes/no
Eye-gaze and Eye-linking
True/False
ALS is a degenerative disease, thus you must adapt to needs as the disease progresses.
True.
A goal that targets making choices between 3D items and answering yes/no questions, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) basic category
b) early phase
c) emerging communicator
d) contextual choice communicator
c) Emerging AAC communicators
Description: Increased attentiveness to tangible objects (e.g, clothing), personal photos, or reminiscence items, Emerging ability to demonstrate (nonverbal) acceptance or rejection of a tangible choice, Looks up when greeted, Takes objects and returns them on command within familiar routines, Poor comprehension without visual or personal context, Inconsistent or nonexistent signal for “yes” or “no”, May demonstrate emerging awareness of daily routine, but is easily confused by changes in the routine or new events, No functional speech or gestures
Goals: Make choices between real items, Consistently signal yes/no, Participate in social turn-taking
AAC for an adults with an acquired disorder (depending on disorder) can be more focused on:____________
text for physical impairments, probably whole-phrase icons for language (slides 03/21/23)
True or False
AAC for acquired disorder is client, family, and medical insurance driven?
False.
should be completely client driven.
Slides 03/21/23
A goal that targets creating spontaneous messages independently regarding general topics, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) middle phase
b) specific-need communicator
c) transition communicator
d) late communicator
b) Specific-need AAC Communicators
Description: Has indicated a need to perform a specific communication task more efficiently, In specific contexts or life situations, selectively uses AAC systems/strategies to communicate messages, May fall into either independent or dependent classifications, May require emotional and linguistic support to participate fully in unfamiliar situations as a communicator with aphasia
Goals: Create spontaneous messages independently regarding general topics (e.g., communicate an allergy, hair and make-up to stylist, ordering meals at restaurants).
ALS
During the Middle Phase, what are two tools/strategies you focus on?
While still intelligible:
Assess, Recommend, Implement
AAC getting setup
Learn AAC
Identify participation patterns
Assess current and future capacities
Identify and train AAC supports
Select AAC options
Support natural speech while feasible
Name the Aphasia categories of communicators.
Emerging AAC Communicator
Contextual Choice AAC Communicator
Transitional Communicator
Stored-Message AAC Communicator
Generative AAC Communicator
Specific-Need AAC Communicator
ALS
During the Early Phase of communication support, what are two tools/strategies you focus on?
Before rate of speech slows below 120 wpm and/or intelligibility below 90%
1) Monitor, Prepare, Support
2) Plan and Practice
Amplification
Positioning
Voice/Message Banking
3) Refer for AAC Assessment
How may phases in communication-support exist for ALS and what are they?
3
1) Early Phase
2) Middle Phase
3) Late Phase
True or False
A need of individuals with ALS includes:
Strategies for partners for functional communication
True.
slides 04/04/23:
Needs of individuals with ALS:
Full range of interactions and conversation partners
“ultimate goal of all treatment is to enhance participation in communicative life” (Fried-Oken, et al, 2015)
Strategies for partners are vital to functional communication
ALS
What is the difference between direct access via eye gaze versus scanning?
Eye gaze: patient looks at a line or item, pauses/stares at line item and it gets selected.
Scanning: Individual vs. partner assisted
Individual: use a switch (any type), select a line, then select item from that line.
Partner assisted: they point to a line, patient answers 'yes/no' questions.'
A goal that targets pointing to pictures to make choices, pointing to communication partner, making visually supported choices, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) middle phase
b) contextual choice communicator
c) transition communicator
d) early phase
b) Contextual choice AAC Communicator
Description: Some attempts to communicate via natural modalities, Can clearly indicate an answer or preference by pointing to a choice of objects, pictures, or large print written words, Can participate in multi-turn conversations given partner supported strategies (written choice, tagged yes-no questions, augmented comprehension), Confirms or selects topics of interest Clearly aware of daily routine (e.g., tries to get shoes on before therapy), Augmented partner input and support enhances comprehension, Speech or gestures are minimally comprehensible, Generate little information on their own Seldom initiates, even by pointing or vocalizing, Poor comprehension of decontextual auditory information (e.g., commands, questions that do not pertain to events in the present and/or personally relevant information)
Goals: Point to 2-dimensional symbols to make choices, Point to communication partner, Consistently confirm / reject previously made choices, Make visually supported choices (drawings / icons / photos)
Select all that apply. Hospital Settings.
Strategies to prepare patients for hospital stays:
a) message banking pre-operatively
b) Their favorite clothing and familiar items
c) a go-bag with important materials for unplanned admission
d) Communication and hospital passport with medical, personal, communication information
e) signage for patient's room
a) message banking pre-operatively
c) a go-bag with important materials for unplanned admission
d) Communication and hospital passport with medical, personal, communication information
e) signage for patient's room
Name 3 type of AAC tools or strategies for ALS (in addition to full-featured SGD's).
Alphacore board
Writing tools (white board)
Prepared communication card or board for known situations
ALS
With a full-featured device, a patient may start with direct finger access then move towards ________?
will move towards scanning or eye gaze
slides 04/04/23
A goal that targets independently using strategies to supplement verbal speech and initiating conversations, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) middle phase
b) contextual choice communicator
c) transition communicator
d) early phase
c) Transitional AAC Communicators
Description: Can access holophrastic messages on a board or device with cues, Can shift modalities with cues Can initiate a partial message on occasion and in specific contexts, but requires support to communicate a complete message, Can request by pointing or vocalizing Can greet or produce gestural or spoken word responses in automatic social conversation, Requires constant cueing to think to access stored messages, Requires constant cueing to use alternate modes of communication, Unable to repair conversation breakdowns independently, Does not initiate questions, but may initiate requests for physical needs or comment without cues, Uses mostly automatic speech, if any
Goals: Initiate conversations independently on a range of topics, Independently use strategies to supplement verbal speech (e.g. cue cards, scripts, memory books), Answer common questions, By situation – doctor visits, museums, what else?, Tell simple stories
A goal that targets creating novel messages on a topic using sequences of 2-3 icons, is part of what category of communicators for Aphasia?
a) general communicator
b) specific-need communicator
c) generative communicator
d) late communicator
c) Generative AAC Communicators
Description: Independently combines a variety of modalities and/or message components to create new messages, Independently navigates to multiple locations in a communication system to retrieve appropriate messages, May utilize several steps to produce a single message (e.g., symbol sequences, word prediction, spell a series of letters), Uses stored messages independently in predictable situations when rapid communication is needed, Can sometimes communicate by drawing schematics, maps, objects, Recognizes errors and breakdowns and is sometimes successful at repair, May require training to learn when to use AAC strategies effectively, May require more time to complete communication attempts, May require training on the use of voice-output device or other symbolic communication mode, Communication breakdowns continue in highly demanding or unfamiliar communication contexts
Goals: Create novel messages on a topic using sequences of 2-3 icons
AAC for acquired impairments should ______________.
Maximize existing language abilities