Events of Swallowing
How do we know the pharyngeal swallow has been triggered?
First brisk hyoid movement
Which are the muscles of mastication?
Masseter, pterygoids, temporalis
What are the two muscles of the lips?
Orbicularis oris & zygomaticus
Which structure moves horizontally, then full inverts over the laryngeal vestibule?
Epiglottis
Which portion of the bolus enters the pharynx LAST?
Bolus tail
What event facilitates opening of the UES/PES?
Laryngeal elevation
Which muscles elevate, tense, and retract the soft palate?
Levator veli palatini, tensor veli palatini, musculus uvulae
Which are the (3) intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Longitudinal, transverse, vertical
Which structure moves posteriorly to meet the PPW?
Base of tongue
Which phase includes posterior bolus propulsion?
Oral phase
What action closes the LV posteriorly to anteriorly?
Arytenoids tilt forward
Which are the (4) extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus
This muscle relaxes to allow the UES/PES to open
Cricopharyngeus
Which area is created by the BOT and epiglottis?
Valleculae
Along with laryngeal elevation, what moves the epiglottis to the fully inverted position?
Pharyngeal Contraction/Squeeze
This may be the result of reduced TBR.
Vallecular residue
Other than laryngeal elevation, what do the long pharyngeal muscles do?
Shorten & widen the pharynx
Which muscle facilitates posterior oral containment by raising the back of the oral tongue and drawing down the palate?
Palatoglossus
Which phase includes BOT retraction and LV closure?
Pharyngeal phase
What structures close the LV laterally to medially?
True and false vocal folds
This may be the result of reduced laryngeal elevation or reduced UES/PES opening.
Piriform sinus residue
Which (3) muscles adduct the true vocal folds and help approximation of the ventricular folds?
TA, LCA, IA
Which (4) muscles stabilize the floor of the mouth?
Geniohyoid, mylohyoid, digastricus, stylohyoid
Which two structures come together at the top of the pharynx to push the bolus through the pharynx?
TB and PPW
The pharyngeal MOTOR response to sensory inputs
Initiation of the pharyngeal swallow