Shot Through the Heart
The diagnosis for an excess of pericardial fluid in the pericardial space
A. Heart failure
B. Aortic dissection
C. Cardiac tamponade
D. Cardiomyopathy
Answer is C
A patient is admitted for severe dehydration due to heat. Signs and symptoms of fluid volume deficit that you would assess for include all except:
A. Dry skin
B. Distended neck veins
C. Hypotension
D. Tachycardia
B. Distended neck veins
Sign of fluid OVERLOAD
Your client has a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following would be concerning that active bleeding is present?
A. Bright, red blood in emesis
B. Coffee ground emesis
C. Foul smelling, tarry stools
D. Clay colored stools
A. Bright, red blood in emesis
B and C are signs of what?
D?
This is the hormone responsible for SIADH and diabetes insipidus:
A. ACTH
B. Thyroid
C. ADH
D. Insulin
C. ADH
Your client has been diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. In addition to lipase and amylase, what other lab would you monitor?
A. WBCs
B. Glucose
C. Albumin
D. ALT
B. Glucose
Pancreas not working = hyperglycemia!
You are caring for a patient status post (s/p) cardiac angiogram. What is your priority to manage?
A. Potassium level 3.3
B. Bleeding at the insertion site
C. Magnesium level 1.5
D. Listening to heart sounds
B. Bleeding at the insertion site
Remember your ABCs!
The ABGs for a patient who is hyperventilating will likely indicate:
A. Respiratory acidosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory alkalosis
Blowing off CO2, thus levels drop too low - pH of the blood will rise = alkaline
Your patient is being discharged and you are providing education on gastritis. You recognize the need for more education when the patient states they will do what?
A. Take aspirin for a headache
B. Avoid spicy food
C. Eat smaller, more frequent meals
D. Take an antacid for symptoms
A. Take aspirin for a headache
Your patient is asking about aldosterone. How do you explain its effect on the body?
A. Controls stress levels
B. Increases blood glucose levels
C. Increases blood volume by retaining sodium
D. Moderates calcium levels in the blood
C. Increases blood volume by retaining sodium
Your patient has a nursing diagnosis of excess fluid volume. Which of the following would be a sign/symptom?
A. +2 pitting edema bilateral lower extremities
B. Dry skin
C. Hypotensive
D. Low urine output
A. +2 pitting edema bilateral lower extremities
This is one of the main causes of angina:
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Stress
C. Hypertension
D. Insufficiency of a heart valve
A. atherosclerosis
Stable vs. unstable angina?
This is the system responsible for regulating carbonic acid:
A. Gastrointestinal
B. Renal
C. Respiratory
D. Cardiac
C. Respiratory
Renal regulates what?
The general surgeon is quizzing you about hernias. Which type of hernia is a medical emergency?
A. Strangulated
B. Inguinal
C. Incisional
D. Umbilical
A. Strangulated
All of the following are clinical manifestations of type I diabetes EXCEPT:
A. Increased thirst
B. Increased appetite
C. Polyuria
D. Increased energy
D. Increased energy
In your patient with chronic renal failure, which of the following labs should be closely monitored? Select all that apply:
A. RBCs
B. Creatinine
C. BUN
D. GFR
E. AST
All except E. AST
(AST = liver)
RBCs and GFR decreased; creatinine and BUN increased
As the public health nurse, you are explaining the complications of uncontrolled hypertension to a class. Which system will prolonged hypertension impact most?
A. Renal
B. Musculoskeletal
C. Gastrointestinal
D. Sensory/vision
A. Renal
What electrolyte imbalance would you assess Chvostek's sign for?
A. Hyponatremia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hyperkalcemia
D. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypocalcemia
What is this sign/what do you do to assess?
You are studying for a final exam. When reviewing the pathophysiology for GERD, you recognize it occurs due to what?
A. Decreased acid production
B. Decreased abdominal pressure
C. Incompetent lower esophageal sphincter
D. Constriction of lower esophageal sphincter
C. Incompetent lower esophageal sphincter
The nephrologist is reviewing the role of ADH. He asks you what specifically it targets. What is your reply?
A. Renal tubules
B. Nephrons
C. Renal cortex
D. Collecting ducts
A. Renal tubules
ADH conserves the fluid volume of your body by reducing the amount of water passed out in the urine. RETAIN water = reduce urine output
You are educating a small town community about the opioid epidemic. All of the following are opioids EXCEPT:
A. Fentanyl
B. Oxycodone
C. Hydromorphone
D. Naproxen
D. Naproxen
What is naproxen?
During your public health teaching session, you also educate on the risk factors of hypertension. You include all except which of the following?
A. Excessive use of alcohol
B. Smoking
C. Low carb diet
D. Genetics
C. Low carb diet
What diet types are risk factors? Other risk factors for hypertension?
Your patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of third spacing. What would those s/s include?
A. Hypovolemic
B. Hypervolemic
C. Hypertensive
D. Hypothermic
A. Hypovolemic
Fluid that shifts into the interstitial spaces and remains there = third-space fluid. This fluid is physiologically useless because it does not circulate to provide nutrients for the cells.
The provider is concerned that your patient has a UTI. What would be an indicator within the urinalysis that a UTI is present?
A. Presence of ketones
B. Presence of sediment
C. Presence of WBCs
D. Presence of protein
C. Presence of WBCs
You are reviewing the labs for a patient who is suspected of being in DKA. Which of the following labs would you consider? Select all that apply:
A. Ketones in urine
B. pH indicating acidity
C. Elevated blood glucose
D. Decreased RBCs
E. Increased WBCs
A. Ketones in urine
B. pH indicating acidity
C. Elevated blood glucose
As the nurse, you know to apply oxygen to your patient with CAD. What is the rationale?
A. Myocardial demand for oxygen
B. Promotes medication metabolism
C. Decrease metabolic needs
D. Helps the vessels dilate
A. Myocardial demand for oxygen