Emergency Comm
A major event kicked off years long Emergency Health Communications for the CDC Office of Communications
Is it:
a. anthrax threats
b. 9-11-01
c. Ebola outbreak
'If you are exposed to A, what is your likelihood of developing B."
What is risk?
Knowledge, attitudes and belief
What factors are you trying to influence?
Written documents, oral presentation such as a town hall, if neither of the prior are feasible then a presentation of posters or visual aids with take aware brochures. Materials reviewed by experts.
How to:
a. Communicate with the CDC
b. Communicate about risk/ provide information on results of a risk assessment
Pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and termination.
What is the Stages of Change model?
Express empathy
Clarify facts/call for action
What we don't know
Process to get answers
Statement of commitment
Referrals
What are the components of an emergency message?
Public sources of concern:
- Benefits unclear - taking a drug with potential side effects
- Catastropic potential - terrorism vs hurricans
- Controllability - smoking cigarettes vs second hand smoke
a. Risk perception
b. Risk assessment
Addressing to college students and parents.
Who is the target audience and the secondary audience?
Stating the advantage of taking action, ie You have a 20% chance of winning a raffle with 10 tickets or By using sunscreen, you will have nicer skin.
What is gain framing?
Information and the technological systems through which information is collected, stored, retrieved, analyzed and displayed.
What is health informatics?
Bullet points for:
Messages and audience
Messenger
Methods of delivery/dissemination
Personnel
Command Control
What is the checklist for public health emergency communication?
If the general public trusts the source, they are able to interpret statistics, epidemiology and toxicology. Therefore, it is straight forward presenting complex risk information to the public through pictures and language.
- True
OR
- False
Clearing your mind to pay full attention while in a conversation with someone - being able to summarize/repeat what the person said.
What is active listening?
Why is that important in health communication?
Using the 4 Ps of marketing.
What is social marketing?
Communication skills, knowledge of health issues, culture, English language proficiency, complexity of health care, numeracy (reading charts/graphs)
What issues affect health literacy?
Mixed messages from multiple experts
Information released late
Paternalistic attitudes
Not countering rumors and myths in real time
Public power struggle and confusion
What are ways emergency communication can fail?
Drugs, pesticides, pollutants or other factors related to a risk. These factors are relevant to a risk assessment only as they apply to the risk. ie Needle used for 'smallpox' vaccine is
Is it:
- Hazard identification
- Benefit identification
ie Needle used for 'smallpox' vaccine is a hazard but it is small compared to the risk of smallpox
During an emergency, pull in a psychologist to address denial, fear, avoidance, stigmatization, hopelessness, etc.
Is it:
- Needs of people during a distaster/emergency
- Your communication plan for an emergency
Messaging to influence people to change their minds on behavior, attitude or beliefs. Such as commercial featuring a cancer survivor discussing how they wish they never starting smoking.
What is persuasion in health communication?
They must be SMART
While both require clear, transparent and actionable information, emergency communication provides immediate information during an emergency or disaster. Risk communication helps the public understand ongoing or future risks and how to manage them such as hazards and uncertainty related to public health or safety.
What is the difference between emergency communication and risk communication?
Written or oral presentation of information regarding risk - primarily examination of environmental or toxicological risk such as risks of drugs, chemicals, pollutants, food additives.
What is a:
a. Risk assessment
b. Risk review
Name the problem
Say why it matters
State the solution
How to frame a message?
2-way communication is important to this line of communication to be successful.
What is emergency risk communication (ERC)?
"The public is a key partner in preventing, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from public health emergencies. Important for things like evacuation, shelter in place, and social distancing. ERC can be effective in how the public responds."
The roadmap of how to effectively deliver health information to a specific audience with a goal to influence/inform/persuade their attitude, beliefs and knowledge.
What is a strategic communication plan?