Brain
Learning and Memory
Research Methods
Social Psychology
Interpersonal and Social Processes
100

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is primarily responsible for decision making and voluntary movement?
a) Occipital lobe
b) Temporal lobe
c) Parietal lobe
d) Frontal lob

d) Frontal lobe

100

In Pavlov’s classical conditioning experiment, what was the conditioned stimulus?
a) Bell
b) Food
c) Salivation
d) Tone + food pairing

a) Bell

100

A study that can be replicated by other researchers is said to have high:
a) Reliability
b) Validity
c) Generalisability
d) Ethics

a) Reliability

100

In Milgram’s obedience experiment, what percentage of participants delivered the maximum voltage (450V)?
a) 25%
b) 40%
c) 65%
d) 85%

c) 65%

100

What is the fundamental attribution error?

Overestimating dispositional (individual) factors and underestimating situational factors when explaining others' behaviour

200

What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?

Formation of new memories (particularly explicit/ declarative memories)

200

Define positive reinforcement and give an example

Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase behaviour (e.g., giving a child dessert for eating vegetables)

200

What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?

IV = manipulated, DV = measured

200

Define conformity

Adjusting behaviour/thinking to align with group norms

200

What is cognitive dissonance?

Psychological discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or behaviours

300

A patient suffers damage to Broca’s area. Predict how their speech would be affected

Speech production problems would occur 

i.e. Speech would be non-fluent and broken; difficulty forming words but comprehension intact

300

A teacher gives a student a detention for an incomplete draft, meaning they miss out on free time at lunch. Identify the type of operant conditioning.

negative punishment 

(removing the students free time to decrease a behaviour)

i.e. 

negative is removing something

punishment is decreaing a behaviour

300

A psychologist studies the effect of caffeine on memory recall. After the experiment, they realise that participants in the experiment also drank energy drinks. What is the name of this extra variable?

Confounding Variable

300

A group of friends all say the answer to a question is 'B.' Even though you think it’s 'C,' you agree with them. Which mandatory study explains this behaviour?

Asch’s conformity experiment

300

What are stereotypes?

Oversimplified and generalised beliefs about a group of people

400

What is the main function of the occipital lobe?

Processing visual information

400

What is working memory responsible for?

Holding and manipulating information temporarily

400

What type of validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure?

Construct validity

400

What are the three levels of conformity in the Social Influence Theory?

Compliance, Identification, Internalisation

400

Define prejudice and discrimination, highlighting their difference.

Prejudice = negative attitude; Discrimination = negative behaviour based on group membership

500

What is the roll of glutamate in the nervous system

It is an excitatory neurotransmitter that makes neurons more likely to fire

500

What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?

Explicit = conscious recall (facts/events); Implicit = unconscious (skills, habits)

500

What ethical principle requires participants to be fully aware of the study before agreeing?

Informed consent

500

What is the bystander effect?

Individuals are less likely to help when others are present

500

What is prosocial behaviour?

Voluntary behaviour intended to benefit others