Midterm 1 material
What happens at a convergent boundary where a continental plate is colliding with an oceanic plate?
Subduction; oceanic plate subducts below because it is denser
In a stream meander, the maximum velocity occurs ___________and corresponds with ___________
On the outside of the bend, erosion
The action which refers to loss of ice through melting and sublimation
Ablation
Deserts are more ___, while Tundras have lower _____
arid, temperature
Near the shore
In the atmosphere, air molecules move from ____ pressure to _____ pressure.
high to low
Unit of river discharge
m3 s-1 (volume per unit time)
Where is the largest amount of freshwater stored?
In ice and glaciers
The limiting factor of most desert plants
Water
At least two elements that contribute to the dissolved ions in the ocean
Cl-, Mg+, Na+, S(SO4-), Ca2+, K+, Br-
Where would you find areas with less fluctuations in temperature?
lower latitudes, near the coast
Which soil texture has the largest ability to store water
Clay
Milankovitch cycles cause changes in the obliquity and eccentricity of the planet. Which of these refers to the tilt of Earth?
Obliquity
What is needed for photosynthesis
Sunlight (solar energy), carbon dioxide, and water
What is happening to the pH of the ocean? Why?
Decreasing (becoming more acidic) because anthropogenic climate change and more carbon dioxide being pumped into the ocean
What do interannual peaks in atmospheric CO2 observations correspond to?
Changes in terrestrial productivity in the northern hemisphere winter
What are the two most important ways that rivers affect landscapes?
Erosion and deposition
The type of snow that forms glaciers
Compacted, recrystallized
In ____ succession, ____ help create soils for more advanced life formation
Primary, lichens
Geographical location where evaporation exceeds precipitation, leading to higher salt concentration
Subtropical Highs
Intertropical Convergence Zones have low ____ and high ____
Pressure, Rainfall
This type of soil has the highest organic matter content
Mollisol/Histosol
Temperate areas
Type of ecological interaction where one species benefits, and the other is neutral
Commensalism
Changes in wave characteristics as they enter shallower water
Shoaling - slower, height increases, length decreases