Quotes
The welfare of the athlete must be our primary concern. If a drug does not expose an athlete to excessive risk, we should allow it even if it enhances performance.
Who is Savulescu, Foddy, and Clayton?
Chat GPT and other generative AI are used to generate the next "one of these" in a sequence?
What is word or image?
This theory says that morality is determined by what people would agree to under certain conditions.
What is social contract theory?
This naturally occuring hormone increases skeletal muscle growth and is mimicked by anabolic steroids.
What is testosterone?
In the first public report of a PES case, five embryos were generated. Despite the fact that three embryos showed normal risk for all of the diseases tested, the couple elected not to implant any of the embryos and deferred the process to an unspecified later date. Similar outcomes were reported again and again.
Who is Lencz and Carmi?
Programmers use information from this source in order to pre-train their AIs.
This theory says that a person's well-being should be based on whether they have the real opportunity to achieve valuable states of being and doing.
What is the capabitilies approach?
What is a prisoner's dilemma?
The finitude of human life is a blessing for every individual, whether they know it or not. Getting rid of the dragon would deflect us from realizing the aspirations to which our lives naturally point. It is debasing – yes debasing – for a person to want to continue their mediocre life for as long as possible without worrying about the higher questions of what life is for.
Who is Nick Bostrom?
The National Health Service fed anonymized data into an AI system to do this activity typically reserved for doctors and nurse practitioners.
What is give diagnoses and predictions?
What is liberal democracy?
According to Savulescu et al., professional athletes should be allowed to use PEDs so long as this is done regularly.
What is getting tested for healthy and safety?
Our relation to intelligent machines should be that of parents. We should allow them to tell us what they think they should do, and we will tell them why we think they shouldn’t. But it might turn out that they don’t find our reasons compelling.
Who is Regina Rini?
What is radiology/cancer detection?
What are basic liberties?
This "score" is used to help determine whether an embryo will be less susceptible to a range of diseases based on multiple genes.
What is a polygenic risk score?
Each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive basic liberty compatible with a similar liberty for others.
Who is John Rawls?
Large language models are the basis of generative AI that use this concept drawn from neuroscience.
What is a neural network?
The government must ensure that you have the capability to exercise this thing in order for you to actually have it.
What is a right?
What is EPO?
Intelligent machines will be our intellectual children, our progeny. ... If we are wise and benevolent, we will have prepared the way for them to make their own choices – just as we do with our adolescent children.
Who is Regina Rini?
This view of ethics claims that moral truths apply to all rational beings and that we must discover and conform to them.
What is the celestial view of ethics?
According to this way of ordering principles, any principle with higher priority must be fully satisfied before any lower priortiy principle can be considered.
What is lexical priority?
What international body is responsible for testing athletes who compete in international competitions?
What is WADA (world anti-doping agency)?
bringing the rational and the animal into a more intimate relation with one another, and acknowledging that there are many types of dignity in the world, including the dignity of mentally disabled children and adults, the dignity of the senile demented elderly, and the dignity of babies at the breast. We want the picture of the parties who design political institutions to build these facts in from the start.
Who is Martha Nussbaum?
This type of machine learning called RLHF for short uses human feedback.
What is reinforced learning with human feedback?
According to this kind of rational decision making, you want to make sure that you are doing the best even if you are in the worst situation.
What is maximin reasoning?
According to Savulescu et al., allowing athletes to use PEDs can make things safer for them especially if they have this type of condition that would require their use for medical purposes.
In the context of widespread genetic essentialism and fatalism, routine knowledge – not to mention selection – of individuals’ genetic predispositions risks a redefinition of selfhood and individuality.
Who are Lencz and Carmi?
In large language models, each word or unit of meaning is assigned this mathematical object.
What is a vector/matrix.
On Rawls' second principle of justice, social and economic inequalities are allowed only when these conditions obtain.
What is when positions are open to all and the least advantaged are doing the best out of all alternative arrangements? (Fair equality of opportunity and the difference principle)
The sages in the Fable of the Dragon Tyrant who argue that it is in our nature to be eaten by the dragon represent the view of this philosopher that we covered.
Who is Aristotle?
The merit of the contract terminology is that it conveys the idea that principles of justice may be conceived as principles that would be chosen by rational persons, and that in this way conceptions of justice may be explained and justified.
Who is John Rawls?
This parallelizable process allows words to provide "context" to one another. It is the basis for the "transformer" element of large langauge models.
What is attention?
This type of preference or desire is formed as a response to one's limited options rather than what one would actually want in better conditions.
What are adaptive preferences?
In Bostrom's Fable of the Dragon Tyrant, this amount of total economic output was directed towards dragon-related expenses (an analogy with what we spend on health care).
What is one seventh of the total economy?
Capability: Being able to laugh, to play, to enjoy recreational activities.
This process appeals to the chain rule in calclus and allows programmers to train a neural network by readjusting its weights and biases.
What is backpropagation?
What is reflective equilibrium?
The AMA recommends against the genetic testing of minors who could have severe adult diseases that have no cure because of this assumed right.
What is a "right not to know" or a right to an "open future"