Newton's Laws
What is the first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia?
An object in motion will remain in motion, and an object rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What is the unit of electric current?
Amps
What is the definition of a wave?
A disturbance that transfers energy from one point to another.
What species of bird did Darwin study, and what did he learn.
He studied finches, and he learned that their beaks changed depending on what type of food they had on their island.
What are the four main layers of the Earth?
Crust, mantle, inner and outer core
How does the second law of motion explain the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?
The more mass an object has, the more force it will take to move.
How do magnets interact with each other when like poles are brought together?
Like poles repel
Opposite poles attract
What are the two main types of waves and how do they differ?
Transverse - move in a perpendicular direction
Longitudinal- move in a parallel direction
What is natural selection?
Organisms better adapted to their environment are able to survive, reproduce, and pass their traits on to their offspring.
What is the mantle composed of?
Mostly solid rock but also areas of semi-liquid.
What is an example of the third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
Give me your answer
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
Conductors provide a path for electricity to flow
Insulators prevent the flow of electricity
How do frequency and wavelength relate to the speed of a wave?
The higher the frequency, the shorter wavelength and the faster the wave is moving.
Name one piece of evidence that supports the theory of evolution.
Finches, Giraffes, polar bears, humans, any type of trait that has evolved to help a species survive.
How do tectonic plates move and what is the result of this movement?
They move due to convection currents coming from the earth's core. This results in mountains, valleys, and earthquakes.
How does Newton's law of universal gravitation relate to the motion of planets?
The distance between the planets, moons, sun, and their mass determines how gravity affects them.
Explain how electromagnets work and give one example of where they are used.
Electromagnets create a magnetic field by using the flow of a electricty through an iron core.
Junkyards, electronic devices, x-ray imaging
What is the difference between reflection and refraction of waves?
Reflection-the wave is bouncing back
Refraction-the wave is being bent
What is artificial selection and give an example?
Humans have interfered with the breeding of animals to pass on traits that they want to see. This can be plants or animals.
What is the difference between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks?
Igneous forms when magma or lava cools
Metamorphic forms deep under the earth from tremendous heat and pressure
Sedimentary forms from layers of sediment being put on top of each other and pressed down harder and harder.
Describe how the principles of Newton’s laws apply to a rocket launching into space.
The rocket fuel is ignited and explodes downward. This causes the rocket lift off and move upward.
Explain the difference between amps and volts. Hint: Think about a water hose.
Amps measure the amount of eletricity.
Volts measure charge flow or pressure
Describe how sound waves travel through different mediums.
Gases-they travel fairly slow because air molecules are loosely arranged
Liquids-they travel faster because the water molecules are more tightly arranged
Solids-they travel very fast because the molecules are arranged extremely close
How do fossils contribute to our understanding of evolution?
Fossils give a record of change among species over millions of years. It's like a map to follow.
How is a fossil formed.
After an organism dies, it's buried under many layers of sediment. Eventually due to tremendous pressure, all the water is removed from its organic matter. The leftover material is then encased in in sediment and turns to stone.