Definitions
Small, solid fragments of rock-like gravel, sand, silt, mud, or clay.
What is "Sediment?"
Where is the magnetic field of the Earth generated?
What is "Core?"
A series of processes in which rocks are continuously changed from on type to another: erosion, weathering, deposition, melting, cooling, heat, pressure, compaction, and cementation.
What is "Rock Cycle?"
What type of weathering forms caves?
What is "Chemical Weathering?"
List two formations that form from groundwater deposition in caves.
What is "Stalactites and Stalagmites?"
Rock formed when chemical reactions cement sediments together, hardening them.
What is "Sedimentary Rock?"
What have scientists observed in order to learn about Earth's interior?
What is "Seismic Waves?"
*The behavior of these waves tells us a lot about the makeup and properties of the mantle and core.
In the hydrologic cycle, which two processes bring water up into the atmosphere from Earth's surface?
What is "Evaporation and Transpiration?"
True or False: Weathering contributes to erosion.
What is "True?"
Glaciers carve the stone they pass over into (V-shaped/U-shaped) valleys.
What is "U-shaped Valleys?"
The process that moves sediments.
What is "Erosion?"
Between what two regions of the Earth can you find the Moho discontinuity?
What is "Crust and Mantle?"
Which type of rock results from a transformation from a different type of rock? Give an example.
What is "Metamorphic Rock?"
An example is "Shist."
(Chemical Weathering/Mechanical Weathering) occurs through ice wedging, abrasion, plants, or animals; (Chemical Weathering/Mechanical Weathering) occurs when water reacts with minerals.
What is "Mechanical Weathering?" What is "Chemical Weathering?"
As rivers flow, they carry soil and sediment away from an area, forming a (V-shaped/U-shaped) valley.
What is "V-shaped Valleys?"
Rock that behaves like something between a liquid and a solid.
What is "Plastic Rock?"
Between what two regions of the Earth can you find the Lehmann discontinuity?
What is "Outer Core and Inner Core?"
What is the largest source of liquid fresh water on Earth?
What is "Groundwater?"
*Although glaciers and icebergs are the largest single source of fresh water, the largest source of liquid fresh water is groundwater.
Give an example of wind erosion.
What is "Sand Dunes?"
*Dust storms move loess great distances.
List two formations that form from glacier erosion.
What is "U-shaped valleys, glacial lakes, cirques, horns, or ridges?"
Any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediment.
What is "Weathering?"
Between what two regions of the Earth can you find the Guttenberg discontinuity?
What is "Mantle and Outer Core?"
From the diagram on the board, identify the Earth's....
inner core, crust, outer core, mantle, Guttenberg discontinuity, Moho discontinuity, and the Lehmann discontinuity.
What is
a. Crust b. mantle c. outer core d. inner core e. Moho discontinuity f. Guttenberg discontinuity g. Lehmann discontinuity
What is the most important factor in a streams ability to erode?
What is "Speed?"
*The faster the water moves, the more sediment it can transport.
What are two common features of fast-moving streams in mountainous areas?
What is "Waterfalls and V-Shaped Valleys?"