Unit 6: Energy
The type of energy which comes from fission of uranium
What is nuclear power?
This type of fuel source comes from plants, and can be used directly (like burning) or after processing (like ethanol)
What is biofuel?
The concentrations of the 2 main gases in the atmosphere
What is 79% N2 and 20% O2?
What is point versus nonpoint pollution?
This is a measure of the amount of suspended particles in water, to determine the clarity or cloudiness of the water
What is turbidity?
An example of a non-renewable fuel source
What is coal, natural gas, oil, and/or nuclear power?
This piece of machinery is how the majority of energy forms are turned into electricity (hydro & wind directly, fossil fuels and nuclear via boiling water)
What is a turbine? SPINNY SPINNY.
The combination of NO2, VOCs, and sunlight creates ground-level ozone, also called this
What is [photochemical] smog?
This type of pollution can cause decreased oxygen levels in water, disorientation in aquatic species, and deformities in fish eggs
The difference between primary and secondary sewage treatment
What is physical separation in primary treatment versus biological treatment with bacterial digestion in secondary treatment?
3-4 factors that impact solar panel efficiency
What is cloud cover, temperature, latitude, and panel angle?
This technique for natural-gas extraction involves pumping fluid into wells to break the ground, releasing the gas
What is "fracking" or hydraulic fracturing?
The TWO most important pollutants from coal combustion
What is acid rain from SO2, and particulate matter?
The process by which excess biological matter (high BOD) causes algal blooms, whose decomposition by bacteria reduces oxygen levels
What is eutrophication?
This test is used to determine if there is sewage contamination in water sources
What is a fecal coliform bacteria test or coliform bacteria test?
These 3 countries both produce, and consume, the greatest amounts of fossil fuels
What are China, Russia, and the US?
This energy form can be used passively (such as in heating/cooling homes using smart design) or actively (such as with water heaters, individual installations, or large utility installations)
What is solar power?
This atmospheric phenomenon happens when cold air sits on top of warm air, trapping pollution at the ground level and creating poor air quality?
What is an inversion layer?
These two chemicals are often in agricultural runoff
This ecosystem, based on a unique tree in coastal estuaries, is especially at risk from pollution and human land use changes such as shrimp farming.
What are mangroves?
The most common unit for measuring energy consumption
What is watts, kilowatts, or kilowatt-hours?
This fuel source is not currently much used, but has potential for storing energy in a chemical, battery form
What are hydrogen fuel cells?
The 4 main indoor air pollutants (hint: one causes headaches/vomiting/etc; one lung damage; the third cancer from basements; and the final one causes lung cancer from construction)
What are CO (carbon monoxide), PM (particulate matter), radon gas, and asbestos?
Acid rain can dissolve metals and create metal leaching, but ground containing ____ can help neutralize the acidity.
What is calcium carbonate / limestone / CaCO3?
The name of a waste disposal site that has protection measures in place, such as a clay/plastic bottom liner, leachate collection system, and natural-gas collection or flare system?
What is a sanitary landfill?