Cells
What is the Organelle where photosynthesis occurs?
Chloroplast
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
How many chambers exist in your heart?
4
What is an example of an organelle found in plants cells but not animals cells?
Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplast
How are fungi different from plants?
Fungi are heterotrophs and cannot perform photosynthesis, different component in cell wall
What is a prokaryotic cell?
A unicellular organism without a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
What is a phenotype?
Physical trait(s) expressed by an organism
What is the difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries: carry blood away from heart
Veins: carry blood towards heart
What is the reproductive structure of a plant?
The flower
What are nerve cells called?
Neurons
What happens in the second phase of mitosis?
Two sister chromatids align at the cell's equator; Spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell attach to the centromere of each chromosome
Name 2 differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA: double-stranded deoxyribose, A-T, C-G
RNA: single-stranded, ribose, A-U, C-G
Name an example of chemical and mechanical digestion.
Chemical: saliva, HCl, enzymes
Mechanical: chewing, churning of stomach
How does water enter the roots?
Osmosis
Where does the majority of oxygen production come from?
Plankton (cyanobacteria and green algae)
Why do cells divide?
Growth, repair, reproduce, large surface area to volume ratio
Purple flowers are crossed with white flowers, producing offspring that are all purple. What is the expected ratio of the traits in the F2 generation?
3 purple : 1 white
What is vasodilation
The widening of blood vessels to decrease body temperature
Which part of the plant is the main site of photosynthesis?
The leaves
How are mitochondria and chloroplasts different from other organelles?
Double-membraned, have their own DNA
What is the function of a cytoskeleton?
Organize cellular components, maintain shape, movement, cell division
What is the law of independent assortment?
Alleles separate independently during the formation of gametes
What does it mean when a nutrient is “essential”?
The body cannot create the nutrient on its own and can only be obtained from food.
What is the function of xylem and phloem?
Xylem: transport water and minerals
Phloem: transport sugars
Coral relies on algae for sugars and in return provides it with shelter. Describe their relationship.
Symbiotic relationship