EKG
A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?
A. Abnormally prominent U wave
B. Elevated ST segment
C. Wide QRS
D. Inverted P wave
A. Abnormally prominent U wave
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?
A. Check the client's blood pressure.
B. Auscultate heart tones.
C. Perform a 12-lead ECG
D. Determine if pain radiates to the left arm
C. Perform a 12-lead ECG
A client with a strong family history of coronary artery disease asks the nurse how to reduce the risk of developing the disorder. Which is the best response by the nurse?
A. "ask your physician to prescribe the new reverse lipid drug."
B. "increase the soy in your diet."
C. "moderation with alcohol"
D. "exercise, keep your cholesterol in check, and manage your stress."
D. "exercise, keep your cholesterol in check, and manage your stress."
nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of angina pectoris. The nurse should give the client which of the following information about anginal pain?
A. The pain usually lasts longer than 20 min.
B. The pain often radiates to the jaw or the back.
C. The pain persists with rest and organic nitrates.
D. Exertion and anxiety can trigger the pain
D. Exertion and anxiety can trigger the pain
A nurse is teaching a middle-age client about hypertension. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Reaching your goal blood pressure will occur within 2 months."
B. "Diuretics are the first type of medication to control hypertension."
C. "Limit your alcohol consumption to three drinks a day."
D. "Plan to lower saturated fats to 10 percent of your daily calorie intake."
D. "Plan to lower saturated fats to 10 percent of your daily calorie intake."
A nurse is teaching a client who is postoperative following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A. Count your pulse for 1 min each morning.
B. Resume activities that can cause jolting, such as horseback riding, after 4 weeks.
C. Do not wear tight clothing over the insertion area.
D. Request to be scanned with a handheld metal detector when in the airport.
E. Do not have a microwave oven in the home.
A. Count your pulse for 1 min each morning.
C. Do not wear tight clothing over the insertion area.
A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication?
A. analgesic
B. anti-inflammatory
C. antiplatelet aggregate
D. antipyretic
C. antiplatelet aggregate
The lab values of a patient diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) have just come back from the lab. His low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 112 mg/dL. This lab value is indicative of which of the following?
A. extremely low LDL level
B. high LDL level
C. within normal range
D. low LDL level
B. high LDL level
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. "Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water."
B. "The medication can take up to 15 minutes to take effect."
C. "Avoid taking the medication prior to exercising."
D. "Stop taking the medication and notify your provider if you develop a headache."
A. "Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water."
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Vertigo
B. Uremia
C. Blurred vision
D. Dyspnea
A. Vertigo
A nurse is interpreting a client's ECG strip. Which of the following components of the ECG should the nurse examine to determine the time it takes for ventricular depolarization and repolarization?
A. PR interval
B. QT interval
C. ST segment
D. QRS complex
B. QT interval
A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzymes studies?
A. "These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues."
B. "Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI."
C. "These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves."
D. "Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion."
A. "These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is receiving opioid medications to manage discomfort. Aside
from managing pain, which of the following desired effects of medications should the nurse identify as most important for the client's recovery?
A. It decreases the client's level of anxiety.
B. It facilitates the client's deep breathing.
C. It enhances the client's ability to sleep.
D. It reduces the client's blood pressure
B. It facilitates the client's deep breathing.
When assessing a client who reports recent chest pain, the nurse obtains a thorough history. Which client statement most strongly suggests angina pectoris?
A. "The pain occured while i was mowing the lawn."
B. "the pain resolved after i ate a sandwich"
C. "the pain lasted about 45 min"
A. "The pain occured while i was mowing the lawn."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a family history of hypertension. The nurse should inform the client that his blood pressure of 124/84 mm Hg places him in which of the following categories?
A. Within the expected reference range
B. Prehypertension
C. Stage 1 hypertension
D. Stage 2 hypertension
B. Prehypertension
A nurse is caring for a client who has atrial fibrillation and is receiving heparin. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
A. The client's ECG tracing shows irregular heart rate without P waves.
B. The client has an aPTT of 80 seconds.
C. The client experiences sudden weakness of one arm and leg.
D. The client's urine output is cloudy and odorous
C. The client experiences sudden weakness of one arm and leg.
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse recognizes that which of the following prescriptions by the provider requires clarification?
A. Morphine sulfate 2 mg IV bolus every 2 hr PRN pain
B. Laboratory testing of serum potassium upon admission
C. 0.9% normal saline IV at 50 mL/hr continuous
D. Bumetanide 1 mg IV bolus every 12 h
C. 0.9% normal saline IV at 50 mL/hr continuous
A nurse is teaching a client who takes aspirin daily for coronary artery disease about herbal supplements. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following herbal supplements may interact adversely with aspirin?
A. Cranberry juice
B. Aloe vera
C. Feverfew
D. Flaxseed
C. Feverfew
A patient with angina has been prescribed nitroglycerin. Before administering the drug, the nurse should inform the patient about what potential adverse effects?
A. nervousness or paresthesia
B. throbbing headache or dizziness
C. drowsiness or blurred vision
D. tinnitus or diplopia
B. throbbing headache or dizziness
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Suggest that the client use a salt substitute.
B. Obtain a 12-lead ECG.
C. Advise the client to add citrus juices and bananas to her diet.
D. Obtain a blood sample for a serum sodium level
B. Obtain a 12-lead ECG.
A nurse is assisting with obtaining an electrocardiogram (ECG) for a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A. Keep the client NPO after midnight.
B. Inspect the electrode pads.
C. Wash the skin with plain water before placing the electrodes.
D. Instruct the client not talk during the test.
E. Administer an analgesic prior to the procedure
B. Inspect the electrode pads.
C. Wash the skin with plain water before placing the electrodes.
D. Instruct the client not talk during the test.
A nurse is caring for a client who came to the emergency department reporting chest pain. The provider suspects a myocardial infarction. While waiting for the troponin levels report, the client asks what this blood test will show. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide the client?
A. Troponin is an enzyme that indicates damage to brain, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues.
B. Troponin is a lipid whose levels reflect the risk for coronary artery disease.
C. Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart.
D. Troponin is a protein that helps transport oxygen throughout the body
C. Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client regarding reduction of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A. "I must stop smoking."
B. "I should limit my exercise."
C. "I will stop consuming alcohol."
D. "I need to monitor my weight."
E. "I am limiting my intake of fast foods."
A. "I must stop smoking."
C. "I will stop consuming alcohol."
D. "I need to monitor my weight."
E. "I am limiting my intake of fast foods."
A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
A. Genetic predisposition
B. Hypercholesterolemia
C. Hypertension
D. Obesity
E. Smoking
B. Hypercholesterolemia
C. Hypertension
D. Obesity
E. Smoking
A nurse is reviewing the serum laboratory findings for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Sodium 136 mEq/L
B. Potassium 2.3 mEq/L
C. Chloride 99 mEq/L
D. Calcium 10 mg/dL
B. Potassium 2.3 mEq/L