Earth Layers & Structure
"The thin, outer shell of Earth where we live."
Crust
"How tightly packed matter is, mass per volume."
Density
"The fastest earthquake wave, moves back and forth."
P Wave
"Volcanic islands formed in the Pacific by a hot spot."
Hawaiian Islands
"The idea that continents slowly move across Earth's surface."
Continental Drift
"The solid center of Earth, made mostly of iron and nickel."
Inner core
"When new ocean crust forms and pushes plates apart."
Sea-Floor Spreading
"Slower earthquake wave, moves side to side, can't go through liquid."
S Waves
"A fault zone in the central U.S. known for big quakes."
New Madrid Fault
"Heat transfer by movement of fluids, like boiling water."
Convection
"Creates our magnetic field."
Outer Core
"When an object pushes water out of the water."
Displacement
"Energy waves that travel through Earth during an earthquake."
Seismic Waves
"The famous California fault where plates slide past each other."
San Andreas Fault
"Where two tectonic plates crash together, often making mountains."
Convergent
"The thick layer beneath the crust, hot and flowing slowly."
Mantle
"What happens when something is less dense than the liquid it's in."
Float
"The machine that records earthquake waves."
Seismograph
"The zone around the Pacific with many volcanoes and quakes."
Ring of Fire
"Circular flows of hot material in the mantle that move plates."
Convection Currents
"Earth's rigid outer layer, includes crust and upper mantle."
Lithosphere
"What happens when something is denser that the liquid it's in."
Sink
"The scientist who studies earthquakes."
Seismologist
"An underwater mountain chain where new crust forms."
Ridge
"A crack in Earth's crust where movement happens."
Fault