Physical characteristics of newborn
Name physical characteristics of a newborn
eyes may look puffy, head may be misshaped, often covered in white waxy substance
Name at least 5 of the psychological states
sleep, regular sleep, REM sleep, drowsiness, alert, awake and active, crying
Why is alert and waking states important for infant development?
during these periods babies explore their world and exercise their senses and motor abilities
What are reflexes?
involuntary movements that are built into a baby’s nervous system
What does SIDS stand for?
Sudden infant death syndrome
What are two growth gradients?
cephalocaudal growth gradient & proximodistal growth gradient
Name the three categories of sleep
Sleep, regular sleep, REM Sleep
How often do babies eat?
about every 2 hours
What is habituation?
when newborn babies study an object or a sound for a long period of time, they appear to become familiar with it
What are two ways to test for genetic disabilities?
Amniocentesis and chorionic villus biopsy
What is the cephalocaudal growth gradient?
tendency of human development to proceed from the top down
What are characteristics of sleep and drowsiness
sleep - newborns eyes are closed. They are not aroused or stimulated by moderate noise or other sensations. Newborns are in a sleep state for the vast majority of a 24 hour period. Drowsiness - newborns are in a state between sleep and wakefulness. They are still and quiet; their eyes are open and closed. They can be roused into full wakefulness by stimulation. Newborns are often in this state before sleep.
True or false breastfed babies are less likely to be obese later in childhood
True
Name 2 types of reflexes
grasping moro rooting sucking walking
What is environmental risk factors?
newborns of mothers who smoke, drink, or abuse drugs during pregnancy may show signs of developmental problems at birth, including birth defect and brain damage.
What is the proximodistal growth gradient?
growth trend that proceeds from the center of the body out
How many hours do newborns sleep for in a 24 hour period?
16-20 hours
True or false infant crying cannot serve as a tool for diagnosis of newborn health
False
True or false reflexes can be important diagnostic tool for pediatricians
True
What is considered premature birth?
when a baby is born 3 weeks before the end of the full 38-42 week, and if the baby is less than 5.5 pounds
What is the waxy substance called that covers newborns
vernix caseosa
What does REM stand for?
Rapid Eye Movement
What causes sleep variation?
babies are born with biological clock that regulate cycles of eating and sleeping
How have psychologists taken advantage of studying habituation?
psychologists have taken advantage of habituation to study what babies know and are able to do. For example, much of what we know about newborn perception is based on a research technique that relies on habituation
What does NBAS stand for?
Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale