Vocabulary
Islamic mystics who blended Islam with local traditions, aiding its spread in India.
Sufis
Who called for the Crusades in 1095, and why?
Pope Urban II, to reclaim the Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks
How did Swahili city-states like Kilwa and Mogadishu become prosperous?
Through Indian Ocean trade of pottery, silk, ivory, and glass, connecting to other routes
Who was Tamerlane, and what was his impact on India?
A nomadic leader who conquered the Delhi Sultanate and spread Islam but destroyed Hindu temples
As feudalism and the power of the Church declined, the power of
monarchs increased
A blended language from Arabic and Bantu in East African city-states.
Swahili
Muslim economic ideas were shared with Western Europe through trade
banks, checks, credit, and Chinese flying paper
What was the significance of Timbuktu in the Mali empire?
It was the capital and a major trade city along the Trans-Saharan route
Delhi Sultanate combined parts of Muslim and Indian culture, which resulted in
Art and Architecture
The kings of France and England ruled all aspects of life in their country which made them what type of kings
Absolute Monarch
A bubonic plague pandemic that spread via trade routes, killing 1/3 to 1/2 of Europeans.
Black Death
Who cut off access to the holy land that angered christians which made the Pope call for a crusade in 1095
Seljuk Turks
What goods were traded along the Trans-Saharan gold-salt trade route?
Water, Gold, Salt, Slaves
Which regions were conquered by the Mongols, leading to the establishment of khanates?
Russia (Golden Horde)
Middle East (Abbasid caliphate)
China (Yuan dynasty)
The Hundred Years’ War was fought between
France and England
Pride and devotion to one's nation, which increased after the Hundred Years' War.
Nationalism
What were the impacts of the Crusades on Western Europe?
Increased trade access to new crops, luxury goods, and technology via routes like the Silk Road
How did conversion to Islam benefit African merchants in West African kingdoms like Ghana and Mali?
It allowed better negotiation of trade deals with Muslim merchants
Why did lower-caste Hindus convert to Islam under the Delhi Sultanate?
To gain social mobility and escape caste restrictions
led French forces to victory before she was captured and turned over to the English. She was burned at the stake in 1431
Joan of Arc
Muslim leader who fought against European kings during the Crusades.
Saladin
How did Islam spread into India during the post-classical period?
Through merchants, scholars, and missionaries along the Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade
By force under the Delhi Sultanate and Tamerlane
Who was Mansa Musa, and what was the impact of his hajj?
Leader of Mali; his generosity with gold increased interest in Africa and nearly crashed economies
What was the Pax Mongolica?
A period of peace and prosperity along the Silk Road under Mongol rule
What was the Magna Carta, and its significance?
A charter signed in 1215 limiting the king's power and establishing basic rights like trial by jury