Core Cognitive Theories (Ch. 3)
Infant Cognition (Ch. 3)
Preschool Cognition & Executive Function (Ch. 3)
Emotions & Regulation (Ch. 4)
Attachment & Early Relationships (Ch. 4)
100
This theory views the child as an active constructor of knowledge.
What is Piaget’s constructivist theory?
100
Piaget described cognitive development from birth to age two as this stage.
What is the sensorimotor stage?
100
This stage is marked by symbolic thinking but limited logical reasoning.
What is the preoperational stage?
100
At birth, infants display this limited set of emotions.
What are distress, contentment, disgust, and interest?
100
This theorist described attachment as the primary task of infancy.
Who is John Bowlby?
200
These two complementary processes drive cognitive adaptation.
What are assimilation and accommodation?
200
This research method measures infants’ attention to novelty.
What is the habituation paradigm?
200
This limitation causes children to focus on one aspect of a situation at a time.
What is centration?
200
This concept refers to the ability to manage emotional arousal.
What is emotion regulation?
200
This attachment function allows the child to explore the environment confidently.
What is the secure base?
300
This critique of Piaget suggests development can occur at different rates across domains.
What is domain-specific development?
300
This cognitive achievement reflects understanding that objects exist when unseen.
What is object permanence?
300
This ability supports planning, inhibition, and flexible thinking.
What are executive functions?
300
This caregiving pattern best supports early emotion regulation development.
What is responsive, supportive caregiving?
300
This hormone plays a key role in bonding and caregiving behavior.
What is oxytocin?
400
This approach compares cognition to a computer system emphasizing processing efficiency.
What is the information-processing approach?
400
This form of memory appears later and is demonstrated through deferred imitation.
What is recall memory?
400
This cognitive shift allows children to consider more than one dimension at once.
What is decentration?
400
This experimental paradigm demonstrates infant distress when caregiver responsiveness stops.dr
What is the still-face paradigm?
400
This infant behavior reflects anxiety when separated from caregivers.
What is separation anxiety?
500
This theorist emphasized learning through social interaction and guided participation.
Who is Vygotsky?
500
This emerging ability reflects infants’ understanding that others have goals.
What is inferring others’ intentions (early theory of mind)?
500
From a counseling lens, executive function delays most directly affect this area.
What is self-regulation?
500
This developmental principle explains increasing emotional differentiation with age.
What is the orthogenetic principle?
500
From a counseling perspective, early attachment primarily shapes this later outcome.
What are internal working models of relationships?