Legal Documents
A written grant by a country's legislative or sovereign power
What is a charter?
The leader of the Wampanoag, formed a crucial alliance with the Pilgrims, which included a peace treaty and mutual defense agreement
Who was Massasoit?
The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and a key Puritan leader in New England, important for establishing the colony's government and social structure, most famously for his sermon "A Modell of Christian Charity" where he envisioned a holy "city upon a hill" that would serve as a model for the world.
Who was John Winthrop?
a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons. They wanted to reform the Church of England.
What is a Pilgrim?
A colony run by a member of the royal family.
What is a royal colony?
Legislative assembly in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. It functioned as both a governing body and a court, with the authority to create laws, levy taxes, and decide if someone got expelled from the colony.
What is the General Court?
Native American interpreter who taught the pilgrims essential survival skills like farming and fishing.
Who was Squanto?
English Quaker leader, influential religious thinker, and founder of the American colony of Pennsylvania in 1681 as a refuge for Quakers and a model for religious tolerance and fair government.
Who was William Penn?
Protestant movement within the Church of England that sought to simplify the church and eliminate its perceived Catholic rituals and practices. Wanted to separate from the Church of England.
What is a puritan?
A colony run by anyone that is not in the royal family.
What is a proprietary colony?
A document created in 1639 that limited the government by saying all male property owners could vote and limited the governor's power.
What are the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
A Puritan congregationalist minister who was expelled from The Massachusetts Bay Colony, known for founding the Colony of Connecticut and the city of Hartford
Who was Thomas Hooker?
Last governor of the New Netherlands. Wasn't popular because of over taxation. Tried to stand up to the English without an army, weapons, or ammo.
Who was Peter Stuyvesant?
Word for the right to vote.
What is suffrage?
Large colony that was originally known as New Netherlands but was taken by the English after they defeated Peter Stuyvesant.
What is the New York colony?
A 1620 agreement by the Pilgrims and other English settlers to create a self-governing political body in Plymouth Colony, establishing "just and equal Laws" for the "general good of the Colony"
What is the Mayflower Compact?
Puritan minister who became a radical advocate for religious liberty and the separation of church and state, leading him to be exiled from colonial Massachusetts and found the colony of Rhode Island in 1636.
Who was Roger Williams?
Baron that was given the charter to Maryland and founded it as a place for Catholics to go and avoid persecution.
Who was Lord Baltimore?
Pacifist religious group that was hated in England leading to the founding of their own colony.
Who were the quakers?
Colony given to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley when the royal family broke up the New York Colony.
What is the New Jersey colony?
The first legal code established by European colonists to guarantee rights like: free elections, trial by jury, not testifying against yourself, no taxation without representation, and protections to life, liberty, and property
What is the Body of Liberties?
Woman banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for heretical religious views, challenging Puritan religious and political authorities through her charismatic leadership, and for her advocacy of religious freedom
Who was Anne Hutchison?
Known for founding the colony of Georgia, the only one of the original thirteen American colonies he personally led to its shores. He served as a trustee and the first administrator of Georgia, promoting it as a debtor's prison escape and a defensive buffer against Spanish Florida.
Who was James Edward Oglethorpe?
A system where someone would trade their freedom for a trip to the new world. They would then work off their debt.
What is an indentured servant?
Patterned after English society with an upper class with professionals like lawyers, a middle with farmers and craftsmen, and a poverty class with workers, indentured servants, and slaves
What are English Social Classes?