Fuedalism
What is a serf?
A peasant who worked the land in feudalist society (majority of the population)
What two religions fought in the Crusades?
Islam and Christianity
Who painted the Mona Lisa?
Leonardo Da Vinci
What did Northern Renaissance art usually display?
Scenes of daily life.
What is Papal Supremacy?
The pope had absolute power, including over kings
What are the four levels of Fuedalist society?
Kings/Queens
Nobels
Knights
Serfs/Peasants
What was being fought over during the crusades?
The Holy Land and religious dominance.
What are the names of at least two Italian Renaissance artists we discussed?
Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphel
Who was the most famous play writer during the Northern Renaissance AND what country was he from?
William Shakespeare, England
Who started the Reformation by creating a lit of complaints for the church AND what was the name of this list?
Martin Luther, The 95 Theses
What was the most valuable thing one could own during Feudalism?
land
What city was weakened because of the Crusades?
Constantinople.
What does Hummanism mean?
Humans have potential to learn and achieve great things.
Prior to the Renaissance what language were plays, books, and the bible written in? During and after the Renaissance what language were these things written in?
Latin
Native languages (English, Italian, German, etc.)
What are at least two ways the Catholic Church gained so much wealth?
They were exempt from taxes
They owned lots of land
They had people pay them for the forgiveness of sins
Mandatory tithes
What is a manor?
The house and land that nobles owned and serfs lived and worked on. They were self-sufficient communities with churches and agriculture (like a town or mini-kingdom).
What two main things did the crusades expose Europeans to?
The silk road/ goods from Asia and the middle east.
Sickness (the black death)
What were the two kinds of imagery usually shown in Italian Renaissance Art?
Christian
Ancient Greece and Rome (and their gods).
What Renaissance principal was applied to Northern Renaissance Art and not most Italian Renaissance art?
Secularism
What are indulgences?
Paying for your sins to be forgiven.
How did the Black Death lead to the end of Feudalism?
Loss of 1/3 of the population led to labor shortage, labor shortage allowed serfs to demand higher wages, higher wages allowed them to escape serfdom.
Where was the Holy Lands (City and Country)
Jerusalem, Israel (in the Middle East).
What book did Machiavelli write AND what was it about?
The Prince
Leadership (leaders often have to make decisions that are unliked for the greater good).
What is the name of the main artist from the Northern Renaissance that portrayed scenes of everyday peasant life (that we discussed)?
Pieter Brugel the Elder
What are indulgences?
Paying for your sins to be forgiven.