Constitutional Principles
This principle allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches.
What are checks and balances?
This 1803 Supreme Court case established the Court's power to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
Washington appointed this former aide-de-camp as the nation's first Secretary of the Treasury.
Who was Alexander Hamilton?
This group argued that a stronger central government was necessary for national stability.
Who were the Federalists?
This system divides governmental authority between state and national governments
What is federalism?
The Constitution begins with “We the People,” reflecting this principle of government.
What is popular sovereignty?
In McCulloch v. Maryland, Marshall used this clause to justify Congress's creation of a national bank.
What is the Necessary and Proper Clause?
This Secretary of State often disagreed with Hamilton and later became the third President.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
This group feared that the Constitution gave too much power to the national government.
Who were the Anti-Federalists?
The power to coin money and regulate interstate commerce are examples of these powers.
What are enumerated powers?
Congress can override a presidential veto because of this constitutional principle.
What is checks and balances?
This case established that states could not interfere with Congress's constitutional powers by taxing a federal institution.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
Hamilton's financial plan included federal assumption of these state obligations from the Revolutionary War.
What were state debts?
These essays, written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, defended the Constitution.
What are the The Federalist Papers?
The power to tax is an example of this type of power shared by both state and federal governments.
What are concurrent powers?
The division of powers between national and state governments demonstrates this principle.
What is federalism?
This clause of the Constitution was strengthened by the ruling in Gibbons v. Ogden.
This clause of the Constitution was strengthened by the ruling in Gibbons v. Ogden.
Washington's response to this 1794 event demonstrated the power of the new federal government to enforce its laws.
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
This Anti-Federalist concern directly led to the addition of the first ten amendments.
What was the lack of a Bill of Rights?
According to the Tenth Amendment, powers not delegated to the national government belong to these governments.
What are state governments?
This phrase from the Constitution's preamble reflects the idea that governmental authority comes from the people.
What is "We the People"?
Marshall Court decisions generally strengthened the power of this level of government over the states.
What is the federal (national) government?
In his Farewell Address, Washington strongly warned against permanent foreign alliances and these domestic organizations.
What are political factions (political parties)?
Federalists believed this branch would be best suited to maintain order and unity throughout the nation.
What is the national (federal) government?
When federal and state laws conflict, this constitutional provision states which law prevails.
What is the Supremacy Clause?