Terminology
The overarching umbrella term that includes identifying and manipulating the larger parts of spoken language such as sentences, phrases, and individual words
What is phonological awareness?
This is the number of phonemes in the English language.
What is 44?
The ability to identify the final sound in a spoken word.
–Sample test: Say the last sound you hear in the words I say: Shirt /t/, voice /ss/, cake /k/, every /e/
What is Phoneme isolation?
A teacher is using a puppet who speaks in a "special language" where all the sounds they speak are segmented. For example, Alphie has a word to say, his word is "/b/ /e/ /s/ /t/". How can we put that together to determine what Alphie is saying?
This is an example of instruction/practice in what phonemic awareness skill?
What is phoneme blending?
"Say cat", "Now say cat without the /k/...is an example of an assessment in what area of phonemic awareness?
What is initial sound deletion?
The final developmental subset of phonological awareness, refers to the ability to focus on and manipulate individual sounds (e.g., phonemes).
What is phonemic awareness?
True or False. Phonological awareness instruction is most effective with taught in partnership with phonics instruction.
What is TRUE.
The ability to take away one sound to create a different word.
–Sample test: Say the word mark. Now say mark without the /m/ sound. (ark)
What is phoneme deletion?
This is one of the best strategies for teaching Concepts of Print in which a teacher uses a big book to read aloud to students, while pointing to print, showing directionality, and talking about text features (e.g., title, punctuation, etc.)
What is shared reading?
This assessment covers the knowledge associated with functions of printed language such as directionality (reading left to right, top to bottom), knowing the concepts of word and letter, proper book handling, voice–print matching, and punctuation.
What is Concepts of Print?
The smallest unit of sound in spoken language.
What is a phoneme?
This is the number of phonemes found in the Spanish language.
What is 24?
The ability to add a speech sound to other sounds to create a word.
–Sample test: If you added /th/ to the beginning of ank, what word would you have? (thank) If you added /d/ to the end of the word close, what word would you have? (closed) If you added /z/ sound to the end of the word frog, what word would you have? (frogs)
What is phoneme addition?
A method of teaching children to segment the sounds in a word by moving markers into boxes on a piece of paper
What are Elkonin boxes?
Having a student clap the segments of the word "yesterday" into the following parts (yes-ter-day) is what kind of phonological segmentation test?
What is segmenting syllables?
The written representation of a sound.
What is a grapheme?
True or False. Teaching a letter a week is not a good strategy for alphabet instruction.
What is TRUE. Why?
The ability to identify all of the individual sounds in a spoken word.
–Sample test: Say each sound you hear in the word I say and move a token into the box for each sound.
What is phoneme segmentation?
"Circle around, back up and down, the sound for d is /d/" is an example of what type of instruction?
What is alphabet instruction? or letter/sound correspondence
Having a student identify each separate sound in a word like "flew" to (f-l-oo), is an example of assessment in which area of phonemic awareness?
What is phoneme segmentation?
a cluster of two or more consonants in which each retains its sound—st, pl, br
What is a consonant blend?
True or False. Irregular words will always remain irregular and can only be taught by sight.
The ability to change one sound in a spoken word to create a different word.
–Sample test: Say the word mope. Change /m/ sound to /r/. What would the word be now? (rope) Say the word drum. Change /dr/ to /cr/. What would the word be now? (crumb) Say the word sit. Change /t/ to /ng/. What word would you get? (sing)
What is phoneme substitution?
The number of Elkonin boxes a child should draw for the sounds heard in the word "shopper".
What is 4? What are the sounds and what element of phonetic instruction do they represent?
Having a student orally remove the final sound in a word (Example: Say seat without the /t/) is an example of what kind of phonemic awareness assessment?
What is final sound phoneme deletion?