Early Kingdoms
This group carved out kingdoms in Europe from 400-700s
Germanic Kingdoms
Charles Martel
The new system of society and government during the Middle Ages is known as
Feadualism
The religion of Europe during the Middle Ages was
People first began trading with one another at these.
Trade Fairs
The strongest Germanic Kingdom was
The Franks
Pope Leo did this in 800.
Asked for Charlemagne for help/crowned him Holy Roman Emperor
These were built as fortifications, but evolved into large grandoise homes
castles
Women could participate in the church as
Nuns
towns/cities
This Germanic King took converted to Christianity and conquered Gaul.
Clovis
Charlemagne founded this to help educate his officials.
Aachen
These people were tied to the land where they lived
serfs
The head of the Roman Catholic Church claimed this over secular rulers
papal supremacy
Resurgence of trade led to the resurgence of the use of this
money
This group took over Spain, but was stopped by Clovis from entering Gaul.
Muslim Moors
This split Charlemagne's empire after his death
Treaty of Verdun
knighthood
Popes used this/these to keep kings/rulers in line
excommunication/interdicts
Revivial of trade brought about this new group of people
middle class
The battle that stopped Muslims from going further into Europe
Battle of Tours
spread of Christianity through Europe, blend of cultures.
This was given to lesser lords in exchange for military service to the king/lord.
feif
This group was persecuted and pushed into certain jobs during the Middle Ages
Jews
These helped maintain prices and standards of goods in certain fields/arts
guilds