Early Middle Ages 1
Who were the Franks?
A. Muslim merchants from North Africa
B. Viking explorers from Scandinavia
C. Monks who copied classical texts
D. A Germanic people who built a kingdom in Gaul
D. A Germanic people who built a kingdom in Gaul
What was one major result of the fall of the Western Roman Empire?
A. Western Europe became more politically divided
B. Rome immediately regained control
C. Trade and cities expanded everywhere
D. Germanic kingdoms disappeared
A. Western Europe became more politically divided
Why is the period after Rome's fall called the Early Middle Ages?
A. It came before the Roman Republic
B. It was the first period of written history
C. It marked the beginning of medieval European society
D. It began after the Renaissance
C. It marked the beginning of medieval European society
What is feudalism?
A. A system of overseas trade
B. A political and social system based on land, loyalty, and service
C. A religious movement led by monks
D. A form of direct democracy
B. A political and social system based on land, loyalty, and service
Why did feudalism develop in medieval Europe?
A. Strong central governments protected every village
B. Peasants demanded overseas colonies
C. People needed local protection during a time of weak government and invasions
D. The Church ordered all land to be divided equally
C. People needed local protection during a time of weak government and invasions
Who was Charlemagne?
A. A powerful Frankish ruler who built a large European empire
B. A Byzantine emperor who wrote a law code
C. A pope who founded monasteries
D. A serf who became a knight
A. A powerful Frankish ruler who built a large European empire
Why did Vikings raid European communities?
A. They wanted to spread feudalism
B. They sought wealth, land, and trade opportunities
C. They were ordered to do so by the pope
D. They wanted to restore Roman law
B. They sought wealth, land, and trade opportunities
Why was Clovis's conversion to Christianity important?
A. It gained support from the Roman Catholic Church and Christian subjects
B. It caused the Franks to abandon Gaul
C. It ended the feudal system
D. It led to the division of Charlemagne's empire
A. It gained support from the Roman Catholic Church and Christian subjects
Why was the manor economy largely self-sufficient?
A. Most food and goods needed by residents were produced on the manor
B. Every manor depended on overseas factories
C. Serfs were forbidden to grow crops
D. Lords imported all daily necessities
A. Most food and goods needed by residents were produced on the manor
What was a fief?
A. Land or another benefit granted by a lord to a vassal
B. A code of behavior for knights
C. A building where monks lived
A. Land or another benefit granted by a lord to a vassal
How did Germanic peoples influence Western Europe?
A. They restored one united Roman government
B. They established kingdoms and blended their customs with Roman traditions
C. They ended Christianity in Europe
D. They created democratic nation-states
B. They established kingdoms and blended their customs with Roman traditions
What happened at the Battle of Tours in 732?
A. The Vikings conquered England
B. The Franks defeated a Muslim army advancing into their territory
C. Charlemagne divided his empire
D. Clovis converted to Christianity
B. The Franks defeated a Muslim army advancing into their territory
6. Which statement correctly describes Charles Martel?
A. He was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III
B. He was a Viking leader who settled in France
C. He led the Franks to victory at the Battle of Tours
D. He created the manor economy
C. He led the Franks to victory at the Battle of Tours
What did a vassal usually promise in exchange for a fief?
A. Freedom for every serf
B. Loyalty, military service, and advice
C. Control of the Roman Catholic Church
D. The right to crown an emperor
B. Loyalty, military service, and advice
Which order correctly represents the general feudal hierarchy from highest to lowest?
A. Peasants, knights, nobles, monarch
B. Knights, monarch, peasants, nobles
C. Monarch, nobles, knights, peasants and serfs
D. Nobles, peasants, monarch, knights
C. Monarch, nobles, knights, peasants and serfs
Which action shows Charlemagne's support for learning?
A. He closed monastery schools
B. He discouraged the copying of manuscripts
C. He banned religious instruction
D. He established schools and supported scholars who preserved texts
D. He established schools and supported scholars who preserved texts
Why is the Battle of Tours historically significant?
A. It began the Crusades
B. It united Europe under Viking rule
C. It ended the authority of the pope
D. It helped limit further Muslim expansion into Western Europe
D. It helped limit further Muslim expansion into Western Europe
Why did Pope Leo III crown Charlemagne emperor in 800?
A. To make Charlemagne a vassal
B. To reward him for defeating the Vikings
C. To recognize his power and connect his rule with the Christian Roman tradition
D. To divide the Frankish Empire among his heirs
C. To recognize his power and connect his rule with the Christian Roman tradition
Which choice best describes the relationship between a lord and a vassal?
A. The lord copied books while the vassal farmed
B. The lord and vassal had no obligations to each other
C. The vassal owned the lord's entire kingdom
D. The lord granted land or protection, and the vassal promised loyalty and service
D. The lord granted land or protection, and the vassal promised loyalty and service
How were serfs different from enslaved people and free peasants?
A. Serfs could freely leave the manor whenever they wanted.
B. Serfs were bound to the land but were not usually sold separately from it; free peasants had more freedom, while enslaved people were treated as property.
C. Serfs owned the manor and controlled the lord’s land.
D. Serfs, enslaved people, and free peasants had exactly the same rights
B. Serfs were bound to the land but were not usually sold separately from it; free peasants had more freedom, while enslaved people were treated as property.
How did Viking, Magyar, and Muslim invasions affect medieval Europe?
A. They made kings immediately all-powerful
B. They ended the need for local defense
C. They increased insecurity and encouraged people to seek protection from local lords
D. They created a single European government
C. They increased insecurity and encouraged people to seek protection from local lords
What happened to Charlemagne's empire after his death?
A. It was divided among his grandsons and weakened
B. It became part of the Byzantine Empire
C. It remained permanently united
D. It was peacefully transferred to the Vikings
A. It was divided among his grandsons and weakened
How did Charlemagne strengthen his empire?
A. He eliminated local officials
B. He expanded territory, appointed officials, and encouraged learning
C. He ended cooperation with the Church
D. He replaced Christianity with Germanic religion
B. He expanded territory, appointed officials, and encouraged learning
What was chivalry?
A. A tax system used on manors
B. A method for dividing an empire
C. A contract that freed every serf
D. A code that called on knights to show courage, loyalty, and proper conduct
D. A code that called on knights to show courage, loyalty, and proper conduct
Explain the mutual obligations between a lord and a vassal. Use the term fief in your response.
A. The lord granted the vassal a fief and protection, while the vassal promised loyalty and military service.
B. The lord worked on the vassal’s farm, while the vassal collected taxes.
C. The lord copied manuscripts, while the vassal taught in monasteries.
D. The lord gave the vassal complete freedom, and the vassal had no responsibilities.
A. The lord granted the vassal a fief and protection, while the vassal promised loyalty and military service.