Land Based Empires: Europe
Land Based Empires: Ottoman
Land Based Empires: Safavid
Land Based Empires: Mughal
Land Based Empires: East Asia
Comparing Land Based Empires
Maritime Exploration
Columbian Exchange
Maritime Empires: Latin America
Maritime Empires: Asia
Maritime Empires: Europe
Resistance to Maritime Empires
100
What invention allowed Russian tsar, Ivan the Terrible to expand the Russian Empire east?
What is gunpowder?
100
Which empire was the Ottoman Empire? Why was its location economically advantageous?
The red empire, intersection of the Silk Roads, Indian Ocean, and Trans-Saharan Trade Routes.
100
Which empire was the Safavid Empire? Why was its location disadvantageous?
The green one with the sun & lion, landlocked & surrounded by other powerful empires.
100
Which empire was the Mughal Empire?
The green with the crescent moon.
100
Which empire was the Qing Empire?
The yellow one.
100
What religion did the Gunpowder Empires share?
What is Islam?
100
What year did the Old World and New World meet?
What is 1492?
100
How did the Columbian Exchange massively decrease the population in the New World?
What is the spread of disease (mostly from Europe to the Americas)?
100
What commodity most contributed to the import of enslaved Africans to the New World?
What is sugar?
100
What commodity were European traders primarily interested in Southeast Asia?
What are spices?
100
What was the title of the Spaniards who colonized the New World?
What is conquistador (Cortes conquered Mexica and Pizarro conquered Incas)?
100
This weapon was a main factor of the Ottoman victory over Constantinople
What is the Dardanelles gun?
200
Why did Martin Luther want to split from the Roman Catholic Church and what was this split called?
He believed the Roman Catholic Church has become corrupted by power which led to the Protestant Reformation.
200
What branch of Islam was dominant in the Ottoman Empire?
What is Sunni Islam?
200
What branch of Islam was dominant in the Safavid Empire?
What is Shia Islam?
200
TRUE or FALSE: After Akbar's rise to power, the caste system in India was finally abolished.
What is FALSE?
200
What is ONE similarities between the Chinese dynasties of this era and the Mexica (Aztecs)?
What is the tribute system?
200
Why did many of the Gunpowder Empires and European monarchs sponsor art and monumental architecture?
To legitimize state power.
200
What are TWO technological development that led to increased exploration?
What is the compass, carrack, caravel, fluyt, cartography, astrolabe, lateen sail?
200
How did the Columbian Exchange massively increase the population in the Old World?
The New World food crops brought to the Old World.
200
What are the 3 "Gs" that influenced Europeans to explore and colonize Latin America?
What is God, Gold, and Glory?
200
During this time period of rapid European growth, Ming China chose to [INCREASE/DECREASE] its involvement in world trade.
What is decrease?
200
What is the name of the document that gave Spain control of most of Latin America and Portugal control of most of Brazil, Africa, and Asia?
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)?
200
What were the TWO main forms of resistance to Europeans in the New World?
What are indigenous revolts and slave revolts?
300
What is the name of the process when traditions, technologies, and culture of western Europe are adopted by societies and countries in other parts of the world? Where did this primarily happen?
What is Westernization & Russia?
300
What were Christian boys who were enslaved to serve the Ottoman Empire called?
What are Janissaries?
300
What was the primary cause of the intense and persistent conflicts between the Safavids and Ottomans?
What is religious and territorial competition?
300
What two religions were dominant in the Mughal Empire? Which was the majority of the population?
What is Hinduism (majority) and Islam (minority)?
300
Name all the Chinese Dynasties we've learned about IN ORDER. (Hint there are 4 of them)
What are the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties?
300
What is one similarity in the way that the Ottoman, French, Russian, Mughal, and Qing governments generated state revenue?
What is tax farming?
300
Which European nation (and person) was the first to sponsor extensive maritime travel?
What is Portugal and Prince Henry the Navigator?
300
What is a major environmental impact of the Columbian exchange?
What is environmental degradation (deforestation, soil depletion, soil erosion)?
300
The exploitation of colonies (including the extraction of precious metals) by a dominating power is known as the economic policy of
What is Mercantilism?
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300
During this time period of rapid European growth, Japan chose to [INCREASE/DECREASE] its involvement in world trade.
What is decrease?
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300
What was the primary purpose of European trading posts in Africa and Asia?
To allow for control and access to heavily trafficked maritime routes.
300
Name a resistance movements of the early modern period.
Indigenous: Pueblo Revolts, Metacom's War
European: Fronde
Indian: Maratha Conflict
African: Nzinga's Resistance
Slave Rebellions: Santo Domingo Slave Revolt, Haitian Revolution, New York Slave Revolt, Stono Rebellion
400
What was the name of the final great religious conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Europe from 1618-1648 and what was its end result?
The Thirty Years War & Resulted in most of Western Europe being Catholic (except Britain) and German states having right to choose.
400
What system enrolled Christian boys to fight for the Ottoman Empire? Hint: It means "Selection" in Turkish.
What is Devshirme?
400
What were the TWO major military obstacles for the Safavid Empire?
Lack of a navy and natural defenses.
400
What was the name of the religion that emerged from the syncretic fusing of Hinduism and Islam?
What is Sikhism?
400
What was the name of the Japanese government that centralized control over the old feudal system?
What is the Tokugawa Shogunate?
400
What TWO features did every empire in this time period share in common? (Think political structure and technological developments)
What are extensive bureaucracy and gunpowder weapons?
400
What was the primary reason for Europeans' desire to begin extensive maritime travel?
To trade with Asia more easily (avoid taxes from Gunpowder Empires).
400
Identify 3 specific food items that travelled from the New World to the Old World
What are potatoes, corn tobacco, cacao, peanuts, tomatos?
400
What was the most important precious metal imported from the New World to Europe and what did Europe do with that metal?
What is silver and traded it with China for luxury goods?
400
Which Asian country did England establish the most direct relationship with and what empire controlled that region?
What is India & the Mughal Empire?
400
What are TWO products Europeans sold African Kingdoms in exchange for enslaved people?
What is manufactured goods (textiles, guns, rum)?
400
Describe what a maroon society was.
Maroons are descendants of Africans in the Americas who formed settlements away from slavery. They often mixed with indigenous peoples, eventually evolving into different creole (mixed) cultures. In the New World, as early as 1512, enslaved Africans escaped from Spanish captors and joined indigenous peoples or eked out a living on their own in inaccessible and remote environments like swamps and deep jungles to protect the former slaves from capture and re-enslavement. . Maroon societies existed throughout North America, South America, and the Caribbean. Punishments for recaptured maroons were severe, and common punishments included removing the Achilles tendon or amputating a leg.
500
How did the Protestant Reformation impact China, Japan, and India?
The Roman Catholic Church implemented the Counter-Reformation to stop the Protestants. This led to the spread of Catholicism around the world using the Jesuits and other missionaries.
500
Identify one historical continuity in the Ottomans' treatment of cultural minorities in their empire. Provide an example.
Relative religious toleration in the form of the Jizya (tax on non-Muslims). Enslavement of captives in the form of Janissaries.
500
What TWO empires took advantage of the decline of the Safavid Empire and seized its territory?
Who are the Ottomans and Russians?
500
What was the primary cause of the decline of the Mughal Empire?
Peasant uprisings led to political instability that the British took advantage of
500
Describe ONE similarity between Japanese and European labor systems.
What is Feudalism?
500
What are TWO similarities in how the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals came to rule?
1. Descended from Turkic nomads in Central Asia 2. Took advantage of power vacuums left by the breakup of Mongols 3. Relied on gunpowder weapons such as artillery and cannons.
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: What region(s) did Spain and Portugal each rule over (colonize, monopolize)?
Spain: Most of the Americas, Latin America and the Phillipines.
Portugal: Trading posts off the coasts of Africa, Brazil
500
Identify 3 specific diseases that travelled from the Old World to the New World
What is smallpox, measles, typhus, bubonic plague, flu, COVID-19?
500
Identify 2 examples of cultural syncretism in the New Worlds
What is Santeria, Vodun, Candomble, Virgin de Guadalupe?
500
What was the name of European state-sponsored companies sent to control trading posts in Asia? Name 2 of them.
What is a joint stock company British East India Company (EIC) & Dutch East India Company (VOC)
500
Identify 3 different types of labor systems taking place in Europe from 1450-1750
What is serfdom, indentured servants, free peasants, nomads, and guild members?
500
How did the Ottoman and Mughal empires avoid much of the social strife that Europe experienced during this time?
Better religious toleration (Ottomans favored Muslims but accepted others; Mughals tolerant of mostly all religious, Muslims and Hindus)
