Mashed Potatoes
Which territory did the U.S. buy in 1803?
The Louisiana Territory (the Louisiana Purchase).
Explain the cause of the Whiskey Rebellion.
In 1791 the federal government taxed distilled spirits, which angered western farmers who made and sold liquor.
Explain the effect of the Whiskey Rebellion.
The federal government used militia forces to stop the rebellion, showing it could enforce federal laws and taxes.
Why was Washington elected as the first President of the United States?
Because of his patriotism
What was the main goal of the Monroe Doctrine?
To prevent European countries from recolonizing or interfering in the Western Hemisphere .
Which belief best describes the Democratic‑Republican view about government power?
The growing power of the central government is a threat to the rights of the states.
What did Washington say the United States should do about dealing with other countries?
He said the U.S. should avoid permanent alliances and stay neutral in foreign affairs.
What major economic problem did Washington face when he became president?
High national debt from the American Revolution.
How did the War of 1812 change the United States economy most directly?
It led to an expansion in manufacturing.
Name one role John Marshall played in shaping the Supreme Court
He established the Supreme Court’s role in the federal government and helped create the power of judicial review.
After the XYZ Affair, what did John Adams do to protect national security (name one measure he encouraged)?
He encouraged Congress to pass the Alien and Sedition Acts (and strengthened the navy).
Describe the outcome of McCulloch v. Maryland
The federal government does not have to pay state taxes
How did Washington respond to the uprising described in the test to keep national security?
He sent militia troops (a force of militia) to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion.
Describe the outcome of Gibbons v. Ogden.
The federal government was in charge of interstate commerce
In Hamilton’s economic plan, after paying war debt and raising revenue, what was the next step he proposed?
Create a national bank (and combine state and national debts).
Which president passed the act that changed trade with Great Britain to avoid war (the Embargo/related act)?
Thomas Jefferson (the Embargo Act).
Which action did Alexander Hamilton support using the clause (Article 1, Clause 18) that lets Congress make laws needed to run the country?
Creating a national bank.
Which freedom did the Sedition Act conflict with in the excerpt given about publishing abusive paragraphs about the President?
Freedom of the press.
What political result came from disagreements over the power of government, economy, and the national bank?
The creation of political parties in the United States.
How did President Adams react to the XYZ Affair when France demanded a bribe?
He refused to pay the bribe and strengthened U.S. defenses (he showed the U.S. would not be taken advantage of)
Describe the long term effects of Marbury v. Madison
Courts now have the power of Judicial review. The ability to determine if laws violate the Constitution or not.
List three characteristics of the Era of Good Feelings from the organizer (choose three).
Renewed sense of nationalism; one‑party political system (decline of the Federalists); high tariffs to protect U.S. manufacturing.
Which warning from Washington’s Farewell Address was included later in the Monroe Doctrine?
The warning to remain neutral and avoid permanent foreign alliances (policy of nonintervention in European conflicts).
What power did the Supreme Court gain when it decided it was the duty of the courts to say what the law is?
Judicial review—the power to declare laws unconstitutional.
Name one cause and one effect of the War of 1812 (write both parts).
Cause: British interference with American shipping and impressment of sailors. Effect: America gained international respect and recognition; expansion in manufacturing.