The surface of the Earth
The temperature _______as you get further from the center of the Earth.
decreases
What is a composite volcano made of?
lava and ash
What is used to measure the strength of an earthquake?
Seismograph
What can happen if an earthquake occurs under the ocean?
Tsunami
Why do camels have humps?
To store water and fat.
What are the layers that make up the internal structure of the Earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core.
What are the dangers of a volcanic eruption?
Volcanic eruptions can cause lava flows, ash clouds, toxic gases, landslides, and even tsunamis, which can harm people, animals, and the environment.
The point inside the Earth where an earthquake begins is called the______
Focus
Where do most tsunamis happen?
The Pacific Ocean (Ring of Fire)
Why does a kingfisher have a large beak with a sharp point?
To catch fish
Write down what materials each layer consists of.
Crust : Rock
Mantle : melted rock (magma)
Core : metals, nickel and iron.
What is a volcano?
A volcano is an opening in the Earth's surface where magma, gases, and ash escape from beneath the Earth's crust.
Why do earthquakes sometimes cause fires?
Earthquakes can break gas lines, damage electrical wiring, and cause explosions, leading to fires
Why is a tsunami dangerous?
It carries strong waves that destroy buildings and carries people away.
Why do birds have different beak shapes?
Birds have different beak shapes because they eat different kinds of food.
Why is the inner core solid even though it is extremely hot?
The high pressure from the layers above forces it to remain solid.
What is lava, and how is it different from magma?
Lava is magma that has reached the Earth's surface. Magma is the hot, molten rock that remains beneath the Earth's crust.
What are the two main ways we measure earthquakes?
We use the Richter Scale to measure strength (magnitude) and the Mercalli Scale to measure damage (intensity).
What is one warning sign that a tsunami is coming?
The ocean water moves back very far before the big waves come.
What is a nocturnal animal?
An animal that is active at night and sleeps during the day.
How does the crust differ under the ocean compared to under the land?
The crust under the ocean is about 5 km thick, while under the land it is about 70 km thick.
How do secondary cones form?
Secondary cones form when magma forces its way through cracks on the sides of the main volcano and erupts.
What is aftershock and why are aftershocks dangerous?
Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that happen after the main quake and can cause further damage.
How can trees and forests help reduce the impact of a tsunami?
Trees can slow down tsunami waves and stop debris from moving too far inland
Why is a habitat important for animals?
A habitat provides animals with food, water, shelter, and a place to reproduce.