The Big Bang
What term describes the early, hot, and dense state of the universe?
Singularity
Where do stars originate?
Nebulae
The Sun’s mass places it in the ___ percentile of stars in the Milky Way.
90th percentile
How old is the Earth?
4.54 billion years old
What type of plate boundary created the Himalayas?
Collision Zone
How old is the universe estimated to be?
13.8 billion years
During a star's main sequence, what is the fusion process?
hydrogen to helium in the core
How much longer is the Sun projected to be in its main sequence?
5 billion years
What are some of the oldest rocks on Earth? We use them to help determine the age of the Earth.
Zircon crystals
What determines if a convergent boundary becomes a collision zone or a subduction zone?
The type of plates involved
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
hydrogen
How do gravitational force and gas pressure relate to each other within a stable nebula?
Gravitational force = gas pressure
Light exits the photosphere as what type of light?
visible light
Why are there no rocks as old as the Earth?
The Earth was molten for the first couple hundred million years.
What type of convergent zone do we have off the coast of Oregon?
subduction zone
What are three forms of evidence for the Big Bang?
CMBR, Red Shift, Abundance of light elements
What happens to the largest stars in our universe when they complete their lifecycle?
supernova
What causes Sun Spots?
Magnetic fields disrupt convection cycles in the Sun.
How did the Moon form?
A proto-planet name Theia collided with the Earth. A part of Theia and the Earth was knocked off and became the Moon.
What is causing the East Africa Rift?
A divergent plate boundary
What does Hubble’s Law state?
The farther away a galaxy is, the faster it moves away
The larger the star, the _____ its lifecycle.
shorter
Name the 4 layers of the Sun starting from the middle.
Core, Radiative Zone, Convective Zone, Photosphere
Name the 8 planets in our solar system starting from the inner most.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
Describe the process of forming volcanoes at subduction zones?
The oceanic plate goes below the continental plate. Water is pulled down which causes flux melting and pressure that creates volcanoes.