Vocab
A dark shape made when an object blocks light from the Sun.
Shadow
9. A student observes a full moon. Which phase will most likely occur next?
A. Waxing crescent
B. First quarter
C. Waning gibbous
D. New moon
C – Waning gibbous
Earth’s surface changes ________ over time because of weathering, erosion, and deposition.
slowly
Sofia looks at the sky every night for a week and notices the Moon looks different each time—sometimes full, sometimes just a small crescent.
What does this represent?
Phases of the moon
A tool used to measure how much rain has fallen.
Rain Guage
Which sequence correctly shows the movement of water in the water cycle?
A. Precipitation → Condensation → Evaporation
B. Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation
C. Condensation → Precipitation → Evaporation
D. Evaporation → Precipitation → Condensation
B – Evaporation → Condensation → Precipitation
Waxing means the Moon appears to grow __________ each night, and waning means the Moon appears to get smaller each night.
larger
After a big storm, a river carries dirt and sand downstream. The water looks muddy as it rushes quickly toward a lake.
What does this represent?
Erosion
The amount of time each day that the Sun is visible.
Daylight
5. Which example shows erosion?
A. A rock breaking into smaller pieces
B. Soil being moved by flowing water
C. Sand settling at the bottom of a river
D. Ice forming on a lake
B – Soil being moved by flowing water (erosion = movement)
As the Moon moves around Earth, we see different parts of the lit side. This makes the Moon appear to change _________.
shape
Ava learns that some places, like deserts, are almost always hot and dry, while rainforests stay warm and rainy all year long. These patterns don’t change much from day to day—they stay the same over many years.
What does this represent?
Climate
The movement of Earth as it travels around the Sun; it takes one year.
Revolution
Which resource is classified as nonrenewable?
A. Wind
B. Sunlight
C. Natural gas
D. Plants
C- Natural gas
The Moon phases happen in a repeating pattern that takes about ______ days to complete.
29
Peter notices that during summer break it is hot and sunny, but when winter comes, it gets much colder and days feel shorter. His teacher explains that this happens because Earth moves around the Sun over time.
What does this represent?
Revolution
The slight lean of Earth on its axis that helps cause the seasons.
Tilt
A student collected data showing the number of daylight hours over several months.
Month Hours of daylight
January 10
February 11
March 12
April 13
Based on this data, which conclusion is best supported?
A) The season is changing from summer to fall
B) The season is changing from winter to spring
C) The season is changing from spring to summer
D) The season is changing from fall to winter
B – Winter to spring (daylight hours are increasing)
__________ happens when water soaks into the ground and becomes groundwater that plants can use.
Infiltration
Every day at recess, Mia notices that the shadow of the flagpole changes length and direction. In the winter, the shadow is much longer, but in the summer it’s shorter.What does this represent?
Axis Tilt