Axis & Seasons
The invisible line through the North and South Poles around with Earth spins
Axis
This moon phase appears completely dark from Earth because the lit side faces away
New Moon
This type of eclipse happens when the Moon blocks sunlight from reaching parts of Earth
The attractive force between objects that depends on mass and distance
Gravity
The term for the regular rise and fall of Earth's ocean levels
Tides
This is the angle (in degrees) at which Earth's axis is tilted, causing seasons
23.5 degrees
At this phase the right half of the Moon appears lit from Earth
First Quarter
This type of eclipse happens when Earth blocks sunlight that normally lights the Moon
Lunar Eclipse
When mass increases, gravity does this (increases or decreases)
Increases
These forces help earth get high and low tides
Gravity and Centrifugal Force
This motion of earth on its axis causes day and night
Rotation
When the Moon is opposite the Sun with Earth between them and appears fully lit, this phase is happening
Full Moon
This eclipse requires the Moon to be in the New Moon phase
Solar Eclipse
If the distance between two objects increases, gravity does this (increases or decreases)
Decreases
The side of Earth facing the Moon experiences this tide because the Moon's gravity pulls water toward it
High Tide
During June, the Northern Hemisphere has this type of sunlight compared to the Southern Hemisphere, producing summer in the north
Direct Sunlight
This phase shows the left half of the Moon lit as seen from Earth
Third Quarter
This eclipse occurs only during the Full Moon phase and can be total or partial
Lunar Eclipse
If an orbiting object slows down, what typically happens to its path relative to the central body (the thing it is orbiting around)
It falls inward or moves into a closer orbit
Centrifugal force is described as
The outward force of anything that is spinning or rotating
In June, why does summer occur in the Northern Hemisphere, but winter occurs in the Southern Hemisphere
During summer in the Northern Hemisphere the sun’s light is hitting most directly on the northern half of Earth, while the Southern Hemisphere is getting INdirect sunlight so it will be winter
Put these moon phases in order starting at New Moon and moving forward one-quarter each time (New moon, Full Moon, First Quarter, Third Quarter)
New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, Third Quarter
Explain in one sentence why eclipses do not happen every month even though the Moon orbits Earth monthly
The Moon's orbit is tilted relative to Earth's orbit around the Sun, so the Sun, Earth, and Moon do not line up perfectly every month for an eclipse.
The three factors that allow an orbit to happen are
Mass of the objects, distance between them, Speed
Describe why there are typically two high tides on opposite sides of Earth at the same time
One high tide forms on the side facing the Moon because the Moon's gravity pulls water toward it; a second high tide forms on the opposite side due to Earth's centrifugal force (the outward effect of Earth–Moon rotation)