Earth’s Layers
This is the external layer of the Earth formed by the crust and the outer layer of the mantle.
Lithosphere
Rocks are solid substances that contain these.
Minerals
Tectonic plates move because of this inside the mantle.
Heat currents
This process breaks down the Earth’s surface.
Weathering
This natural element has the biggest impact on changes to landscapes.
Water
What is the hottest layer of the Earth?
The inner core
What are the three main types of rock?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Sudden movement of plates causes this natural disaster.
Earthquake
These are the three main processes that change relief.
Weathering, erosion, and deposition
What are the five bodies of water?
Rivers, oceans, rainfall, glaciers, and groundwater
Heat makes materials in the move in what direction?
Upwards
Minerals have physical properties such as hardness, density, and this reflection property.
Lustre
If an earthquake happens below the ocean, it can cause this.
Tsunami
This process moves weathered materials to new locations.
Erosion
What happens if erosion removes the top layer of soil?
The soil will be less fertile.
When mantle materials cool near the crust, they do this.
Sink
Minerals are extracted through this activity.
Mining
When molten material reaches the surface, magma becomes this.
Lava
This process creates new landforms like beaches or deltas.
Deposition
What are the two types of erosion?
Wind and gravity
The crust is broken into puzzle-like pieces called this.
Tectonic plates
Open-air mines are called this.
Quarries
When lava solidifies, it creates these.
Landforms
This type of weathering happens because of physical reasons like temperature changes.
Mechanical weathering
Erosion from gravity can make the top layers of soil do this.
Sink below the surface