Earth in Space
What is the universal force that attracts all objects that have mass toward one another?
Gravity
The Sun gives off energy due to the reaction called nuclear fusion. In what part of the Sun does this reaction occur?
The period of time it takes Earth to rotate once on its axis is one ________.
What is the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface?
Tides
What event occurs when Earth moves into the Moon's shadow?
A solar eclipse
How many revolutions does Earth complete in one year?
1
What is the part of the Sun in which energy is transferred by flowing gases?
Convection Zone
What is the time of the year when the Sun's direct rays strike Earth the farthest north or south of the equator?
The solstice
What evidence indicates that the Moon has been hit by many meteorites?
Numerous craters
What is an example of a natural satellite?
The moon, planets, asteroids, comets
What is the small, rocky object that revolves around the Sun in an area between the inner and outer planets?
Asteroid
The Sun's atmosphere has three main layers: the corona, chromosphere, and ________________.
The photosphere
What is the time of the year when the Sun's direct rays strike the equator?
The equinox
What do we call the flat plains on the Moon's surface formed from lava flows?
Maria
The amount of gravitational force between two objects depends on their distance apart and what?
Their mass
What is the term for Earth's rigid outer layer?
Lithosphere
What did scientists discover about the Sun by observing the changing locations of sunspots?
The Sun rotates.
The pull of the Sun's gravity and a planet's forward motion cause the plant to do what?
Stay in orbit
What is a neap tide?
Sun and moon are at right angles to Earth, the tidal range is small.
The Milky Way is what sort of galaxy?
A spiral galaxy
Earth's atmosphere provides protection from what two things?
The Sun's dangerous rays and meteoroids
How did scientists discover that the Sun is made up mostly of the gases hydrogen and helium? Include the name of the tool in your answer.
The Northern Hemisphere experiences warmer weather from June to September for what reason?
Earth's tilt causes it to receive more solar energy.
What phases would the Moon be during a neap tide?
First and Third quarter
What is a light-year, and why do astronomers use this unit of measure?
The distance light travels in a year. Scientists use this because distances in space are so large.