Plate Boundaries
Convection Currents
Earth's Interior Structure
Seafloor Spreading
Continental Drift/Plate Tectonics
100
what are the 3 different plate boundaries and what arrows represent their movement?
convergent (collide), divergent (divide), and transform (slide)
100
Where do convection currents take place?
in the mantle (asthenosphere)
100
What are the four main layers of Earth’s interior?
The four main layers of Earth's interior are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
100
At what plate boundary is a mid-ocean ridge being formed?
divergent plate boundary
100
Who came up with the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
200
What 2 landforms are mainly created at a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys
200
What is the heat source for convection currents?
the inner core
200
What is the only purely liquid layer of the earth's interior?
outer core
200
What is the role of mid-ocean ridges in the process of seafloor spreading?
Mid-ocean ridges are the locations where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity. Magma rises from the mantle, cools, and solidifies, creating new crust that pushes older crust away from the ridge. This continuous process drives seafloor spreading and contributes to the movement of tectonic plates.
200
Why were Alfred's ideas of continental drift not accepted?
he could not prove how the plates/continents moved/drifted
300
a trench is being formed as the ocean plate is being subducted beneath the continental plate
300
Hot magma _____ because it is ______ ________
rises, less dense
300
What is the role of the asthenosphere (mantle) in plate tectonics?
it is where the convection currents take place because it is a semi solid state of matter
300
How does the age of oceanic crust change as you move away from a mid-ocean ridge, and what does this pattern indicate about the process of seafloor spreading?
The age of oceanic crust increases as you move away from a mid-ocean ridge. This pattern indicates that new crust is continuously formed at the ridge through volcanic activity and then gradually moves outward due to the process of seafloor spreading. This supports the theory of plate tectonics and provides evidence that Earth's lithosphere is in constant motion.
300
what is the difference between a plate and a plate boundary?
a plate is the entire piece of lithosphere, where a boundary is where the two plates meet and either collide, divide, or slide
400
At what boundary does subduction occur and please define subduction.
convergent plate boundary and it is where the denser oceanic crust gets pulled down into the mantle under the less dense continental crust
400
In terms of temperature and density, what is happening from points B to C to D.
magma is cooling down, becoming more dense, and sinking
400
what happens to the temperature and pressure has you go deeper into the center of the earth?
temperature increases
pressure increases
400
Where is the youngest crust located and why?
the youngest crust is located at or immediately next to the mid ocean ridge because that is where new lava/magma is coming up
400
name 1 example with the plates involved for transform, convergent, and divergent
answers may vary
500
Name a real world example of each type of plate boundary: convergent, divergent, and transform
ex that can't be used: Alps Mountains for convergent
answers may vary
500
Explain what is happening at each number. Looking for descriptions of temp and density. pretend one is closer to the bottom of the current
1) magma is getting hotter and becoming less dense
2) magma comes up at a mid ocean ridge
3) magma is cooling down and becoming more dense to sink
4) the heat source
500
How does the composition of the mantle differ from the core?
The mantle is composed mostly of semi-solid rocks, while the core is primarily made of iron and nickel. The mantle is semi-solid, but the outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid due to extreme pressure.
500
Explain how magnetism shows seafloor spreading. What should we be looking for with the magnetic stripes?
the magnetic reversals should be the same on both sides of the mid-ocean
ridge
500
What are the 4 main pieces of evidence for continental drift?
1) same animal fossils found on different continents
2) same plant fossils found on different continents
3) shape/fit of the continents/same mountains
4) coal deposits which tells you the Antarctic climate was once warmer and closer to the equator