Layers of sediment pile on top of each other and the pressure turns into solid rock.
100
Name the most common Igneous rock and what it can be used for.
Granite, counters, buildings, curbs, steps
100
Minerals form in regular shapes, they form things called what?
crystals
200
Explain how a volcano is formed.
Tectonic plates collide and mantle material explodes onto the surface.
200
About how many plates does Earth have? How many major ones?
About 20, 7 major ones
200
What are the layers of sedimentary rocks called?
strata
200
How do igneous rocks form?
Hot liquid magma cools and hardens
200
What size are crystals when they cool slowly? fast?
*slowly: big
*fast: small or none
300
Name the three types of volcanoes and how they erupt.
Shield volcano: lava spreads quietly
Cinder cone: violent eruptions, cinders
Composite: a combination of the two, explodes and oozes
300
Explain how plates move.
Transform: past each other
Divergent: away from each other
Convergent: toward each other
300
How do metamorphic rocks form and what rocks make them?
*form by heat and pressure
*sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic
300
SURPRISE!!!!
What are the names of liquid fossil fuel and solid fossil fuel?
300
About how many different types of crystals are there?
about 3000
400
Explain three ways mountains form.
1. Plates move into each other and one bulges to from a dome mountain.
2. Plates collide and crust folds and forms peaks.
3. Plates move into each other one plate goes under another which cause the peak and lave to flow to the surface to form a volcano.
400
What is the energy from within the Earth called?
geothermal
400
What is the constant changing of rocks called, explain two parts of it.
The rock cycle
400
What type of igneous rock is formed when lava pours onto the ground or the ocean floor?
Basalt
400
Minerals always have the same____________make-up.
chemical
500
Name four types of mountains and how they form.
1. Dome shape: plates move towards each other and bulge
2. Fold Mt.: plates collide to form peaks
3. Fault Block Mt.: breaks into blocks-pushed up along fault lines.
4. Volcanic: plates collide on goes under the other pushed up and lava erupts onto the surface.
500
Is the inner core liquid or solid and what is it made of?
Solid, Fe and Nickel
500
How do rubies form?
high temperatures
500
Name 2 types of igneous rocks that cool so quickly that they do not form crystals.
pumice and obsidian
500
Name 4 properties you can use to identify minerals or rocks and what you can do to test them.
*color: look at it
*luster: look at it
*cleavage: how it breaks
*hardness: fingernail, nail, penny