Weathering
What is the breaking or peeling away of rock in layers?
Exfoliation
What is an area that consists of a relatively large stream and any smaller streams that flow into it?
Drainage system
What is a valley glacier?
"Rivers of ice" that slowly flow down the mountainous regions into valleys
What is the eroding action of windblown sand known as?
Abrasion
What are the winding, looping curves of rivers?
Meanders
What is ice wedging?
Occurs when rainwater or melted ice soaks into tiny cracks in a rock and freezes, which then causes the rocks to split apart
Which drainage divide is on the which side of the Mississippi River drainage basin?
West side
What is a valley that has been carved out by a glacier then filled with seawater?
Fjord
What is the movements of rock, soil, ash, snow, or ice down a slope?
Mass wasting
What is an alluvial fan?
A sediment deposit formed after thunderstorms at the base of a mountain
What is naturally found with water that makes it naturally acidic?
Carbonic acid
What is a promontory?
A type of narrow, curved rock formation that forms when a sea cave is continually eroded
What is a cirque?
A huge bowl-shaped crater that was scooped out by a glacier
What is a landslide?
Sudden slides of huge masses of rock or soil
What are karst regions?
Regions of the earth's surface where limestone is exposed and abundant
What is the main agent of chemical weathering?
Water
Stalactite - hold to the ceiling of the cave
Stalagmite - hold to the floor of the cave
What are striae?
Large, deep grooves and scratches in rock that are produced by glaciers
What is a sharp ridge that divides two cirques?
Arete
Describe four ways to help prevent erosion
Vegetation
Terraces - fields that are in stair-steps
Strip-cropping: planting alternating strips of erosion-prone and erosion preventing crops
Breakwaters - objects built to reduce the force of waves
List the four things that can affect the rate of chemical weathering
Type of rock
Porosity
Grain size of rocks
Heat and humidity
What is a sea cliff?
A vertical face of rock that forms when the sea removes rock form the base of a high cliff.
What is the difference in Creationist's vs evolutionist's view of an ice age?
Creationists - only one
Evolutionists - many occurred
Name and define the three types of wind erosion.
Suspension - wind can lift it and transport it over long distances
Saltation - particles are lifted by wind but then dropped abruptly
Creep - particles are rolled by wind
Name the three canyons (besides the Grand Canyon), including how they were formed.
Providence Canyon - formed by poor farming practices in the 1800's
Burlingame Canyon - formed from large amounts of water being diverted into a stream
Canyon Lake Gorge - formed when a lake overflowed and sent a ton of water into a valley