Minerals
What are two different types of luster?
Metallic and Non metallic
Carbon 14 can be used to determine the ages of ____________. (give 2 examples)
Mammoth bone and a human bone
Which of Earth's layers is partially melted and can flow slowly?
Asthenosphere (upper Mantle; partially melted)
What are the layers of the Earth? How many are there?
Crust, Mantle, Liquid Outer Core, Solid Inner Core
Why did the Mariana Trench form?
The Pacific Plate is subducting beneath the Philippine Plate.
What property is most useful in mineral identification?
Hardness
As a radioactive element decays, what happens to its half-life period?
Stays the same
Which process caused Earth's layers to separate based on their densities?
Differentiation (Core=Iron and Nickel=more dense)
How do scientists know about the properties of the interior of the Earth?
Seismic Waves P & S
Which agent of erosion produces parallel scratches and grooves in surface bedrock?
Glaciers
When a rock is broken into smaller pieces, surface area ______________ (increases or decreases).
Why is uranium-238 useful for dating the age of a rock?
What do stripes of rock near mid-ocean ridges show?
Reversals in Earth's magnetic field
What are the two layers of the crust?
Oceanic and Continental Crust
Which human activity contributes to the high levels of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere?
Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
Describe a Sedimentary rock
found in layers; find fossils
Radioactive carbon-14 dating has determined that a fossil is 5.73 x 103 years old. What is the total amount of the original C14 still present in the fossil?
a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75%
C. 50% Half-life
How did differentiation contribute to the structure of the Earth's core?
Heavier elements like iron sank to the core, while denser elements formed the mantle
Which layer of Earth has the greatest pressure?
Inner core
What is the name of the feature located at the end of the stream where it enters the ocean?
Delta
Describe an Igneous Rock
formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
Which radioactive isotope would be most useful for finding the age of a skeleton?
Carbon-14
Heating a room with a furnace (furnace heats the air which rises and circulates) is an example of what process?
Convection
Compared to the granitic continental crust, the basaltic oceanic crust is:
a. thinner and less dense
b. thinner and denser
c. thicker and less dense
d. thicker and more dense
A. Thinner and less dense
What is the force that causes tides in the ocean?
Gravity