Earth's Layers
What is the dense center of the earth made of solid and melted metals
core
small volcano with steep sides and explosive eruptions
cinder cone
Bending of rock layers that are squeezed together
folding
Point inside the earth where rock first moves, earthquake starts
focus
point on the earth's surface directly over the focus of an earthquake
epicenter
This is made up of liquid and solid rock that moves and churns
mantle
low, broad volcano with a wide crater
shield volcano
An earthquake can occur when rocks break apart; break in the earth's crust along which movement occurs
fault
An instruments that detects and records earthquake waves
seismograph
point inside the earth where rock first moves, starting an earthquake
focus
theory that the earth's continents, or major landmasses of the earth move
continental drift
Describe Pangea
Alfred Wegener thought the continents separated from a single landmass.
How do blocks of rock move at a strike-slip fault?
They move horizontally past each other.
How do scientists determine where the epicenter of an earthquake lies
they compare the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves
Plates move because of convection currents in the ? Which part of the earth?
mantle
The outermost layer of the earth, which is thin and cold.
crust
Mount Fuji is an example of this type of volcano
composite volcano
What are the three types of faults
normal fault, reverse fault, strike-slip fault
Earthquake waves that travel the slowest and do the most damage are
L - waves
what is the theory that large sections of the earth are moving over the mantle
plate tectonics
theory of the earth's surface made of large sections of crust that move
plate tectonics
volcanic mountains usually form where?
where two plates meet
what is one way a mountain forms?
when plates collide
scale used to measure the strength of an earthquake
Richter Scale
large sea wave caused by vibrations of the earth
Tsunami