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Unit 1: Intro to Earth Science
Unit 2: Geology
Unit 3: Oceanography
Unit 4: Meteorology
Unit 5: Astrology
100
What is the scientific method? List the steps in order.
1. State the problem 2. Gather the information 3. Form a hypothesis 4. Test the hypothesis 5. State a conclusion
100
What are Pangaea and Panthalassa?
Pangaea is the supercontinent when all Earth land was connected 200 million years ago? Panthalassa is the superocean surrounding Pangaea 200 million years ago.
100
How much of the Earth's water is found in the oceans?
97%
100
What are the gases in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and ozone.
100
What is the difference between geocentric and heliocentric?
Geocentric means "earth-centered" and heliocentric means "sun-centered"
200
What are variables and invariables?
Variables are things in the experiment that change. Invariables are the things in the experiment that do NOT change.
200
What is the Elastic Rebound Theory?
As plates try to move past each other, they begin to bend as stress builds up. Eventually, the plates move past and the plates rebound back into shape causing an earthquake.
200
What are the five oceans?
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern
200
What are the layer in the atmosphere?
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere.
200
List the planets in order from the closest to the sun to farthest away.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
300
What are the layers of the Earth and what are they made of? List from outermost layer to innermost layer.
Crust- solid dirt, rocks, sand Mantle- solid/liquid - plastic-like Outer core- liquid, metals Inner core- solid, metals
300
What are the four types of pyroclasts/felsic lava?
Volcanic Dust (smallest), volcanic ash (second smallest particle), lapilli (third smallest particle), volcanic bombs (largest particle)
300
What are mid-ocean ridges?
Underwater volcanic mountain chain where seafloor spreading occurs.
300
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
Gases allow sunlight to heat the Earth and then they hold onto the heat (infrared energy)
300
What is the Giant Impact Theory?
Theory about the formation of the moon- Around 4 billion years ago, Earth collided with another planet (mars-sized). The debris from the collision was pulled together by gravity, forming the moon.
400
When is the Winter Solstice?
When the sun strikes at the lowest point below the equator.
400
List the rock cycle in order.
Magma, Crystallization, Igneous rock, Weathering and erosion, Sediment, Cementation and compaction, Sedimentary rock, Heat and pressure, Metamorphic rock, Melt, Magma
400
What are the parts of a wave?
Crest (top of wave), trough (bottom of wave), wavelength (distance from crest to crest), wave height (distance from crest to trough)
400
What is the ozone layer?
Layer that protects us from harmful UV Rays, located in the stratosphere.
400
What is a star?
Massive sphere of gas that produces its own energy.
500
What is the difference between a theory and a law?
A theory is a conclusion that doesn't have 100% proof but is accepted to be true. A law is a conclusion that is proven over and over again.
500
What are the characteristics of all minerals?
1. Solid 2. Inorganic 3. Occur naturally 4. Orderly crystalline structure 5. Same chemical composition
500
What is inertia?
The opposing force to gravity. While gravity pulls together, inertial force pulls away from one another.
500
What are the four types of air masses?
Maritime tropical, Maritime polar, Continental tropical, Continental polar
500
What are the phases of the moon (in order) ?
Cycle begins when the moon is between the sun and the Earth (New Moon), Waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, waning crescent, new moon