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Weathering
Erosion
Water cycle
100
The formation of soil is primarily the result of
What is weathering?
100
A fan-shaped pattern of sediments on a landscape is most likely the result of deposition by A) glacial ice B) ocean waves C) running water D) prevailing winds
What is (C) running water
100
Which surface soil type has the slowest permeability rate and is most likely to produce flooding? A) pebbles B) sand C) silt D) clay
What is (D) Clay
200
Which event is an example of chemical weathering? A) rocks falling off the face of a steep cliff B) feldspar in granite being crushed into clay-sized particles C) water freezing in cracks in a roadside outcrop D) acid rain reacting with limestone bedrock
What is (D) acid rain reacting with limestone bedrock
200
Large igneous boulders have been found on surface sedimentary bedrock in North Carolina. Which statement best explains the presence of these boulders? A) Sedimentary bedrock is composed of igneous boulders. B) Boulders were transported to the area by ice. C) The area has had recent volcanic activity. D) The area was once part of a large mountain range.
What is (B) Boulders were transported to the area by ice.
200
For infiltration to occur, the ground must be A) permeable and saturated B) permeable and not saturated C) impermeable and saturated D) impermeable and not saturated
What is (B) permeable and not saturated
300
Which activity demonstrates chemical weathering? A) freezing of water in the cracks of a sandstone sidewalk B) abrasion of a streambed by tumbling rocks C) grinding of talc into a powder D) dissolving of limestone by acid rain
What is (D) dissolving of limestone by acid rain
300
On the Earth's surface, transported materials are more common than residual materials. This condition is mainly the result of A) subduction B) erosion C) folding D) recrystallization
What is (B) erosion
300
Water can pass through a sandstone sample because the sample is A) permeable B) organic in origin C) composed of pebble-sized particles D) well compacted and cemented
What is (A) permeable
400
Which geologic feature is caused primarily by chemical weathering? A) large caves in limestone bedrock B) a pattern of parallel cracks in a granite mountain C) blocks of basalt at the base of a steep slope D) the smooth, polished surface of a rock in a dry, sandy area
What is (A) large caves in limestone bedrock
400
A large, scratched boulder is found in a mixture of unsorted, smaller sediments forming a hill in central New Jersey. Which agent of erosion most likely transported and then deposited this boulder? A) wind B) a glacier C) ocean waves D) running water
What is (B) a glacier
400
Compared to an area of Earth's surface with gentle slopes, an area with steeper slopes most likely has a. less infiltration and more runoff b. less infiltration and less runoff c. more infiltration and more runoff d. more infiltration and less runoff
What is (a) less infiltration and more runoff
500
Water is a major agent of chemical weathering because water A) cools the surroundings when it evaporates B) dissolves many of the minerals that make up rocks C) has a density of about one gram per cubic centimeter D) has the highest specific heat of all common earth materials
What is (B) dissolves many of the mineral that make up rocks
500
When the velocity of a stream suddenly decreases, the sediment being transported undergoes an increase in A) particle density B) erosion C) deposition D) mass movement
What is (c) deposition
500
A soil sample with a large amount of space between the particles will have a a. low permeability rate b. low infiltration rate c. high porosity d. high capillarity
What is (C) high porosity