Earth’s System and Water Cycle
What is the process that moves water from Earth's surface into the atmosphere?
Evaporation
What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by water?
About 71%
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What is the first step of the engineering design process?
Define the problem
What do we call the continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth's surface?
The Water Cycle
What is the largest body of saltwater on Earth?
The ocean
What property of matter describes how much space an object takes up?
Volume
What do engineers create after defining a problem and brainstorming solutions?
A prototype
Name the process in which water vapor cools and turns back into liquid droplets to form clouds.
Condensation
Name one way that freshwater is found on Earth.
Rivers, lakes, ice caps or glaciers
What do we call a change in matter that does not create a new substance?
A physical change
Why is testing important in the engineering design process?
Testing helps identify if the design works as intended and if improvements are needed.
How does the sun influence the water cycle?
It heats the water, causing evaporation.
Why is it important to conserve freshwater?
Only a small percentage of Earth's water is freshwater available for drinking and agriculture.
When sugar is mixed in water, what is this process called?
Disolve/Dissolving
Why is teamwork important in engineering design?
Different perspectives help solve problems more effectively
What role do plants play in the water cycle?
Transpiration (the release of water off plants because of the Sun's heat)
What term describes the underground layer of water-bearing rock?
An aquifer
What happens to the particles of a substance when it changes from a solid to a liquid?
The particles gain energy and move more freely, causing the solid to melt.
Why is it important for engineers to consider materials when designing something?
The materials affect the durability, cost, and functionality of the product